在做一个文章添加功能时,想在选择大类后,自动将其所属二级小类显示出来,使用DropDownList的SelectedIndexChanged事件可以很容易实现,但每次选择后页面总要刷新一次,让人感觉很不爽。为实现DropDownList无刷新二级联动,这几天在网上找了些资料,但都无法达到我想要的效果,经过反复调试,现已基本实现了此功能,现将代码附下。一、数据库设计:
字段名
数据类型
说明
ClassID
自动编号
类编号
ClassName
varchar(8)
类名
UpClassID
int(4)
上级类编号
ClassLevel
int(4)
类级别,1为大类,2为小类
二、设计步骤:1、首先,我们新建一个页面DropTest.aspx,在其中放入两个DropDownList控件:DropDownList1和DropDownList2,其完整代码如下:<%@ Page language="c#" Codebehind="DropTest.aspx.cs" AutoEventWireup="false" Inherits="studyWEB.DropTest" %><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" ><HTML> <HEAD> <title>WebForm2</title> <meta content="Microsoft Visual Studio .NET 7.1" name="GENERATOR"> <meta content="C#" name="CODE_LANGUAGE"> <meta content="JavaScript" name="vs_defaultClientScript"> <meta content="http://schemas.microsoft.com/intellisense/ie5" name="vs_targetSchema"> <script> function load(ClassID){ //ClassID为接收传递的大类编号 var drp2 = document.getElementById("DropDownList2"); function RemoveAll(oElem) { //清除DropDownList2的所有项 var i = 0; for (i = oElem.length; i >= 0; i--){ oElem.options.remove(i); } } RemoveAll(drp2) var oHttpReq = new ActiveXObject("MSXML2.XMLHTTP"); var oDoc = new ActiveXObject("MSXML2.DOMDocument"); oHttpReq.open("POST", "DropChild.aspx?ClassID="+ClassID, false); //调用读取小类数据的页面,将大类 // 编号值传递过去 oHttpReq.send(""); result = oHttpReq.responseText; oDoc.loadXML(result); items1 = oDoc.selectNodes("//CLASSNAME/Table/ClassName"); //读取所有请求大类所属小类的类名 items2 = oDoc.selectNodes("//CLASSNAME/Table/ClassID"); //读取所有请求大类所属小类的编号 var itemsLength=items1.length; for(i=0;i<itemsLength;i++) //将小类的类名和编号赋予DropDownList2 { var newOption = document.createElement("OPTION"); newOption.text=items1[i].text; newOption.value=items2[i].text; drp2.options.add(newOption); } } </script> </HEAD> <body MS_POSITIONING="flowLayout"> <form id="Form1" method="post" runat="server"> <asp:DropDownList id="DropDownList1" runat="server"></asp:DropDownList> <asp:DropDownList id="DropDownList2" runat="server"></asp:DropDownList> <asp:TextBox id="TH" runat="server" BorderStyle="None" ForeColor="White" BorderColor="White"></asp:TextBox> <asp:Label id="Label1" runat="server"></asp:Label> <asp:Button id="Button1" runat="server" Text="Button"></asp:Button> </form> </body></HTML>该页面的后台文件(DropDownList1.aspx.cs)中Page_Load内的代码如下:if(!this.IsPostBack) { SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection("server=localhost;database=gswebDB;uid=sa;pwd=;"); SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter("select ClassName,ClassID from classname where ClassLevel=1",con); DataSet ds = new DataSet(); da.Fill(ds); this.DropDownList1.DataSource=ds.Tables[0].DefaultView; this.DropDownList1.DataTextField = "ClassName"; this.DropDownList1.DataValueField = "ClassID"; this.DropDownList1.DataBind(); this.DropDownList1.Attributes.Add("onchange","load(this.options[this.selectedIndex].value)"); //将ClassID作为参数传递给脚本函数load(ClassID),如果要传递的是ClassName,应将value改为innerText,但如果大类为中文,则调用小类时出现无法显示的问题 // this.DropDownList2.Attributes.Add("onChange","javascript:document.Form1.TH.value=this.options[this.selectedIndex].value;"); //读取DropDownList2的值,将其赋给一个TextBox控件TH,以获取DropDownList2的值,为获取DropDownList2的值,网上有人说可通过使用隐藏的TextBox控件来获取,我未能实现,因为在客户端隐藏的TextBox控件也是不可用脚本来访问的,没法给其赋值,我只能通过将其样式、字体颜色设于背景相同来达到隐藏效果,这是一个很笨的方法,有谁有好的方法,请帮我。 }此页面实现如下功能:首先从数据库内读取所有类级别为1(即大类)的类名和类编号,绑定到DropDownList1控件上;然后通过DropDownList1的Attributes属性调用javascript函数load(ClassID);load()函数通过调用DropChild.aspx页面,读取XML流,得到大类所属小类的ClassName和ClassID。2、新建DropChild.aspx页面文件,其中不插入任何控件和文本,只在其后台文件(DropChild.aspx.cs)中的Page_Load中加入以下代码:if(this.Request["ClassID"]!=null) { int state = Convert.ToInt32(this.Request["ClassID"]); SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection("server=localhost;database=gswebDB;uid=sa;pwd=;"); SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter("select ClassName,ClassID from classname where UpClassID='"+state+"'",con); DataSet ds = new DataSet("CLASSNAME"); da.Fill(ds); XmlTextWriter writer = new XmlTextWriter(Response.OutputStream, Response.ContentEncoding); writer.Formatting = Formatting.Indented; writer.Indentation = 4; writer.IndentChar = ' '; ds.WriteXml(writer); writer.Flush(); Response.End(); writer.Close(); 该方法得到用户选择的大类的编号,通过查询以后得到一个DataSet对象,使用该对象的WriteXML方法直接将内容写到Response.OutputStream里面然后传递到客户端,客户端的load方法通过result =oHttpReq.responseText;句话得到一个XML字符串,最后解析此串。 另外,测试获取DropDownList2值,添加了TextBox控件TH,当点击Button时,处理事件代码如下:private void Button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e) { Label1.Text=TH.Text; }
用vb实现:
Public Class WebForm2 Inherits System.Web.UI.Page
#Region " Web 窗体设计器生成的代码 "
'该调用是 Web 窗体设计器所必需的。 <System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThrough()> Private Sub InitializeComponent()
End Sub Protected WithEvents Button1 As System.Web.UI.WebControls.Button Protected WithEvents listType1 As System.Web.UI.WebControls.DropDownList Protected WithEvents listType2 As System.Web.UI.WebControls.DropDownList '注意: 以下占位符声明是 Web 窗体设计器所必需的。 '不要删除或移动它。 Private designerPlaceholderDeclaration As System.Object
Private Sub Page_Init(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Init 'CODEGEN: 此方法调用是 Web 窗体设计器所必需的 '不要使用代码编辑器修改它。 InitializeComponent() End Sub
#End Region
Private Sub Page_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load '在此处放置初始化页的用户代码 If Not Page.IsPostBack Then listType1.AutoPostBack = True Dim con As OleDb.OleDbConnection = New OleDb.OleDbConnection(ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings("ConnectionString")) Dim lstr As String = "select ClassName,ClassID from classname where ClassLevel=1" Dim ds As DataSet = New DataSet con.Open() Dim comm As OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter = New OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter(lstr, con) comm.Fill(ds, "fulei") listType1.DataSource = ds.Tables("fulei").DefaultView listType1.DataTextField = "ClassName" listType1.DataValueField = "ClassID" listType1.DataBind() con.Close() End If End Sub
Private Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click Response.Write(listType2.SelectedValue) End Sub
Private Sub listType1_SelectedIndexChanged(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles listType1.SelectedIndexChanged Dim con As OleDb.OleDbConnection = New OleDb.OleDbConnection(ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings("ConnectionString")) Dim lstr As String = "select ClassName,ClassID from classname where UPClassId=" + DropDownList1.SelectedValue Dim ds As DataSet = New DataSet con.Open() Dim comm As OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter = New OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter(lstr, con) comm.Fill(ds, "zilei") listType2.DataSource = ds.Tables("zilei").DefaultView listType2.DataTextField = "ClassName" listType2.DataValueField = "ClassID" listType2.DataBind() con.Close() End SubEnd Class
