android的最新源代码下载的官方网站是:http://source.android.com 源代码的下载说明页面是:http://source.android.com/download (现在貌似用还用不了) 现在的网站是http://git.android.com
在HOME(/home/justin)目录下创建如下目录结构:
/home/justin/android: 总计 36 drwxr-xr-x 7 justin justin 4096 01-15 10:34 . drwxr-xr-x 58 justin justin 12288 01-15 10:39 .. drwxr-xr-x 2 justin justin 4096 01-15 10:34 applications drwxr-xr-x 2 justin justin 4096 01-15 10:33 downloads drwxr-xr-x 2 justin justin 4096 01-15 12:34 bin drwxr-xr-x 2 justin justin 4096 01-15 10:33 sdk drwxr-xr-x 2 justin justin 4096 01-15 10:33 src drwxr-xr-x 2 justin justin 4096 01-15 10:34 tools
将该目录添加到PATH环境变量:
export PATH=$HOME/android/bin:$PATH如果需要反复使用,需要将这一行加入~/.bashrc启动脚本中
Git的版本在1.5.4之上
sudo apt-get install git-core安装代理软件:
apt-get install connect-proxyrepo是包装了git命令的python脚本:
curl http://android.git.kernel.org/repo > ~/android/bin/repo网关内部需要设置curl代理:
假设网段的(http)代理为:wwwgate.freeshell.net:8080
curl --proxy wwwgate.freeshell.net:8080 http://android.git.kernel.org/repo > ~/android/bin/repo加上可执行权限
chmod a+x ~/android/bin/repoPython的版本在2.4之上
sudo apt-get install python在下列地址下载: http://java.sun.com/javase/downloads 解压得到如下文件: ~/android/downloads/jdk-6u11-linux-i586.bin
cd ~/android/downloadschmode a+x jdk-6u11-linux-i586.bin运行这个可执行文件, 将生成的目录jdk1.6.0_11拷贝到/usr/local/下
将下列环境变量加入~/.bashrc:
export PATH=/usr/local/jdk1.6.0_11/bin:$PATHexport JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.6.0_11export ANDROID_JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_HOME如果因为缺少X11/Xatom.h和X11/Xlib.h导致的build失败, 可以安装如下包:
sudo apt-get install x11proto-core-dev # provides Xatom.hsudo apt-get install libx11-dev # provides Xlib.handroid emulator 默认的目标代码是arm7的代码。如果需要将目标代码移植到其他 版本的arm平台上去,需要重新配置相应的交叉编译环境。
1. 初始化要下载的文件列表:
cd ~/android/srcrepo init -u git://android.git.kernel.org/platform/manifest.git如果想检出除master外其他分支上的代码可以用-b选项:
cd ~/android/srcrepo init -u git://android.git.kernel.org/platform/manifest.git -b cupcake2. 配置git帐户
git config --global user.email "xxxxx@xxxxxxx"git config --global user.name "xxxxxx"3. 同步文件列表:
repo sync在第一次下载全部代码完成后,可以按模块更新子项目的代码:
repo sync project-path其中的project-path可以在src/.repo/manifests/default.xml中找到:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><manifest> <remote name="korg" fetch="git://android.git.kernel.org/" review="review.source.android.com" /> <default revision="master" remote="korg" /> <project path="build" name="platform/build"> <copyfile src="core/root.mk" dest="Makefile" /> </project> <project path="kernel" name="kernel/common" revision="refs/heads/android-2.6.27" /> <project path="bionic" name="platform/bionic" /> <project path="bootable/bootloader/legacy" name="platform/bootable/bootloader/legacy" /> <project path="bootable/diskinstaller" name="platform/bootable/diskinstaller" /> <project path="bootable/recovery" name="platform/bootable/recovery" /> ... ...在网关内部使用需要设置代理:
新建如下文件:
#!/bin/sh# /home/justin/android/bin/socks-gw.sh# This script connects to a HTTP proxy using connect.cconnect -H wwwgate.freeshell.net:8080 $@ #!/bin/sh# /home/justin/android/bin/socks-ssh.shssh -o ProxyCommand="/home/justin/android/bin/socks-gw.sh %h %p" $@增加这两个文件的可执行权限:
chmod a+x /home/justin/android/bin/socks-ssh.shchmod a+x /home/justin/android/bin/socks-gw.sh可以将所有代理的环境变量放在:
#!/bin/sh# /home/justin/proxy.sh# http proxy settingexport HTTP_PROXY=http://wwwgate.freeshell.net:8080export http_proxy=$HTTP_PROXY# set git to use ssh over http proxyexport GIT_SSH="/home/justin/android/bin/socks-ssh.sh"export GIT_PROXY_COMMAND="/home/justin/android/bin/socks-gw.sh"需要的时候运行:
. ~/proxy.sh映像编译成功后会在目录 ~/android/src/out/target/product/generic 下产生一些image文件
ramdisk.img system.img userdata.img android-info.txt
验证,运行这些模块:
export ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT=/home/justin/android/src/out/target/product/genericcd out/host/linux-x86/bin./emulator在做完一次完全编译后,就可以build SDK了。
make sdk注意:如果需要build SDK,需要安装sun-java5-jdk, 而不是sun-java6-jdk,否则会出现如下错误:
build/core/product_config.mk:207: WARNING: adding test OTA key============================================TARGET_PRODUCT=genericTARGET_BUILD_VARIANT=engTARGET_SIMULATOR=TARGET_BUILD_TYPE=releaseTARGET_ARCH=armHOST_ARCH=x86HOST_OS=linuxHOST_BUILD_TYPE=releaseBUILD_ID=============================================Combining NOTICE files: out/target/product/generic/obj/NOTICE.txtFinding NOTICE files: out/host/linux-x86/obj/NOTICE_FILES/hash-timestampCombining NOTICE files: out/host/linux-x86/obj/NOTICE.txtPackage: out/target/product/generic/generic-img-eng.justin.zipSDK buildinfo: out/target/product/generic/sdk/sdk-build.propDocs droiddoc: out/target/common/docs/dxjavadoc: 错误 - 在 doclet 类 DroidDoc 中,方法 start 已抛出异常 java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetExceptioncom.sun.tools.javac.code.Symbol$CompletionFailure: 未找到 sun.util.resources.OpenListResourceBundle 的类文件此时,可以考虑重新安装sun jdk5, 或者直接从http://java.sun.com/javase/downloads 下载到~/android/downloads/jdk-1_5_0_17-linux-i586.bin
sudo apt-get install sun-java5-jdk并设置相应的.bashrc命令。
sdk编译成功后会在~/android/src/out/host/linux-x86/sdk/ 生成sdk的文件目录和压缩包:
android-sdk_eng.justin_linux-x86 android-sdk_eng.justin_linux-x86.zip
并在~/android/src/out/target/product/generic(generic是默认的产品名)下打包所有的映像文件:
generic-img-eng.justin.zip
生成的SDK目录结构为:
/home/justin/android/src/out/host/linux-x86/sdk/android-sdk_eng.justin_linux-x86: 总计 32 drwxrwx--- 6 justin justin 4096 02-13 17:06 . drwxr-x--- 3 justin justin 4096 02-13 17:09 .. drwxrwx--- 2 justin justin 4096 02-13 17:06 add-ons drwxrwx--- 14 justin justin 4096 02-13 17:06 docs -rw-rw---- 1 justin justin 172 02-13 17:08 documentation.html drwxrwx--- 3 justin justin 4096 02-13 17:06 platforms -rw-rw---- 1 justin justin 225 02-13 17:08 RELEASE_NOTES.txt drwxrwx--- 3 justin justin 4096 02-13 17:08 tools安装生成的SDK只需要在.bashrc中增加:
export PATH=$PATH:/home/justin/android/src/out/host/linux-x86/sdk/android-sdk_eng.justin_linux-x86/tools为了使用方便,将生成的SDK目录链结至~/android/sdk:
ln -sf /home/justin/android/src/out/host/linux-x86/sdk/android-sdk_eng.justin_linux-x86/tools / ~/android/sdk在src目录执行:
cd ~/android/src. build/envsetup.shenvsetup.sh 提供了一些的bash函数定义,当运行了envsetup.sh后就可以使用help 命令来查看:
help得到这些命令的帮助信息:
Invoke ". build/envsetup.sh" from your shell to add the following functions to your environment:- croot: Changes directory to the top of the tree.- m: Makes from the top of the tree.- mm: Builds all of the modules in the current directory.- mmm: Builds all of the modules in the supplied directories.- cgrep: Greps on all local C/C++ files.- jgrep: Greps on all local Java files.- resgrep: Greps on all local res/*.xml files.Look at the source to view more functions. The complete list is:add_lunch_combo cgrep check_product check_variant choosecombo chooseproduct choosetype choosevariant croot findmakefile gdbclient get_abs_build_var getbugreports get_build_var getprebuilt gettop help isviewserverstarted jgrep lunch m mm mmm pid printconfig print_lunch_menu resgrep runhat runtest setpaths set_sequence_number set_stuff_for_environment settitle smoketest startviewserver stopviewserver tapas tracedmdump其中对模块的编译有帮助的是tapas、m、mm、mmm这几个命令。
1.tapas - 以交互方式设置build环境,以下是运行效果:
tapas第一步,选择目标设备:
Build for the simulator or the device? 1. Device 2. SimulatorWhich would you like? [1]第二步,选择目标代码格式:
Build type choices are: 1. release 2. debugWhich would you like? [1]第三步,选择产品平台:
Product choices are: 1. emulator 2. generic 3. simYou can also type the name of a product if you know it.Which would you like? [generic]第四步,在选用参数下构建平台。
2. 独立模块的构件命令
m: Makes from the top of the tree.mm: Builds all of the modules in the current directory.mmm: Builds all of the modules in the supplied directories.其中mmm后面要跟模块的根目录,不是所有的目录下都有子模块,那些含有Android.mk文件目录才是 模块的根目录,模块名可以从Android.mk的LOCAL_MODULE或者LOCAL_PACKAGE_NAME变量中得到。
单独编译某模块,需要在mmm后面指定模块路径,例如编译application中的Contacts:
mmm packages/apps/Contacts/或者在src目录下直接运行make module name:
cd ~/android/srcmake Contacts1. 修改代码
2. 编译所修改的代码所在模块,例如:
cd ~/android/srcmmm packages/apps/Contacts3. 在~/android/src中运行:
cd ~/android/srcmake snod该命令生成一个新的系统映像system.img
4.将这个系统映像拷贝至sdk下:
cd ~/android/srccp out/target/product/generic/system.img / out/host/linux-x86/sdk/android-sdk_eng.justin_linux-x86/tools/lib/images/5. 删除程序遗留的数据:
out/host/linux-x86/sdk/android-sdk_eng.justin_linux-x86/tools/emulator -wipe-data