Build Android Platform

    技术2022-05-12  3

    转自http://mmmyddd.freeshell.net/wiki/android/build.html Contents [ Hide Show] 1 Android Source Code Download 1.1 Website 1.2 Create Directory 1.3 Donwload Tool Chain 1.4 下载Android平台源代码 2 编译Android平台以及SDK 2.1 完全编译 2.2 模块编译 2.3 增量编译的步骤

    TOPAndroid Source Code Download

    TOPWebsite

    android的最新源代码下载的官方网站是:http://source.android.com 源代码的下载说明页面是:http://source.android.com/download (现在貌似用还用不了) 现在的网站是http://git.android.com

    TOPCreate Directory

    在HOME(/home/justin)目录下创建如下目录结构:

      /home/justin/android:   总计 36   drwxr-xr-x 7 justin justin 4096 01-15 10:34 .   drwxr-xr-x 58 justin justin 12288 01-15 10:39 ..   drwxr-xr-x 2 justin justin 4096 01-15 10:34 applications   drwxr-xr-x 2 justin justin 4096 01-15 10:33 downloads   drwxr-xr-x 2 justin justin 4096 01-15 12:34 bin   drwxr-xr-x 2 justin justin 4096 01-15 10:33 sdk   drwxr-xr-x 2 justin justin 4096 01-15 10:33 src   drwxr-xr-x 2 justin justin 4096 01-15 10:34 tools

    将该目录添加到PATH环境变量:

    export PATH=$HOME/android/bin:$PATH

    如果需要反复使用,需要将这一行加入~/.bashrc启动脚本中

    TOPDonwload Tool Chain

    TOPGit

    Git的版本在1.5.4之上

    sudo apt-get install git-core

    TOPProxy

    安装代理软件:

    apt-get install connect-proxy

    TOPRepo

    repo是包装了git命令的python脚本:

    curl http://android.git.kernel.org/repo > ~/android/bin/repo

    网关内部需要设置curl代理:

    假设网段的(http)代理为:wwwgate.freeshell.net:8080

    curl --proxy wwwgate.freeshell.net:8080 http://android.git.kernel.org/repo > ~/android/bin/repo

    加上可执行权限

    chmod a+x ~/android/bin/repo

    TOPPython

    Python的版本在2.4之上

    sudo apt-get install python

    TOPJDK 1.6

    在下列地址下载: http://java.sun.com/javase/downloads 解压得到如下文件: ~/android/downloads/jdk-6u11-linux-i586.bin

    cd ~/android/downloadschmode a+x jdk-6u11-linux-i586.bin

    运行这个可执行文件, 将生成的目录jdk1.6.0_11拷贝到/usr/local/下

    将下列环境变量加入~/.bashrc:

    export PATH=/usr/local/jdk1.6.0_11/bin:$PATHexport JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.6.0_11export ANDROID_JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_HOME

    TOPOther tools

    sudo apt-get install gcc g++ sudo apt-get install flex bison gperf libsdl1.2-dev libesd0-dev libwxgtk2.6-dev / build-essential zip curl libncurses5-dev zlib1g-dev valgrind libreadline5-dev

    如果因为缺少X11/Xatom.h和X11/Xlib.h导致的build失败, 可以安装如下包:

    sudo apt-get install x11proto-core-dev # provides Xatom.hsudo apt-get install libx11-dev # provides Xlib.h

    TOP交叉编译环境

    android emulator 默认的目标代码是arm7的代码。如果需要将目标代码移植到其他 版本的arm平台上去,需要重新配置相应的交叉编译环境。

    TOP下载Android平台源代码

    1. 初始化要下载的文件列表:

    cd ~/android/srcrepo init -u git://android.git.kernel.org/platform/manifest.git

    如果想检出除master外其他分支上的代码可以用-b选项:

    cd ~/android/srcrepo init -u git://android.git.kernel.org/platform/manifest.git -b cupcake

    2. 配置git帐户

    git config --global user.email "xxxxx@xxxxxxx"git config --global user.name "xxxxxx"

    3. 同步文件列表:

    repo sync

    在第一次下载全部代码完成后,可以按模块更新子项目的代码:

    repo sync project-path

    其中的project-path可以在src/.repo/manifests/default.xml中找到:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><manifest> <remote name="korg" fetch="git://android.git.kernel.org/" review="review.source.android.com" /> <default revision="master" remote="korg" /> <project path="build" name="platform/build"> <copyfile src="core/root.mk" dest="Makefile" /> </project> <project path="kernel" name="kernel/common" revision="refs/heads/android-2.6.27" /> <project path="bionic" name="platform/bionic" /> <project path="bootable/bootloader/legacy" name="platform/bootable/bootloader/legacy" /> <project path="bootable/diskinstaller" name="platform/bootable/diskinstaller" /> <project path="bootable/recovery" name="platform/bootable/recovery" /> ... ...

    在网关内部使用需要设置代理:

    新建如下文件:

    #!/bin/sh# /home/justin/android/bin/socks-gw.sh# This script connects to a HTTP proxy using connect.cconnect -H wwwgate.freeshell.net:8080 $@ #!/bin/sh# /home/justin/android/bin/socks-ssh.shssh -o ProxyCommand="/home/justin/android/bin/socks-gw.sh %h %p" $@

    增加这两个文件的可执行权限:

    chmod a+x /home/justin/android/bin/socks-ssh.shchmod a+x /home/justin/android/bin/socks-gw.sh

    可以将所有代理的环境变量放在:

    #!/bin/sh# /home/justin/proxy.sh# http proxy settingexport HTTP_PROXY=http://wwwgate.freeshell.net:8080export http_proxy=$HTTP_PROXY# set git to use ssh over http proxyexport GIT_SSH="/home/justin/android/bin/socks-ssh.sh"export GIT_PROXY_COMMAND="/home/justin/android/bin/socks-gw.sh"

    需要的时候运行:

    . ~/proxy.sh

    TOP编译Android平台以及SDK

    TOP完全编译

    TOP编译映像

    cd ~/android/srcmake

    映像编译成功后会在目录 ~/android/src/out/target/product/generic 下产生一些image文件

    ramdisk.img system.img userdata.img android-info.txt

    验证,运行这些模块:

    export ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT=/home/justin/android/src/out/target/product/genericcd out/host/linux-x86/bin./emulator

    TOPSDK编译

    在做完一次完全编译后,就可以build SDK了。

    make sdk

    注意:如果需要build SDK,需要安装sun-java5-jdk, 而不是sun-java6-jdk,否则会出现如下错误:

    build/core/product_config.mk:207: WARNING: adding test OTA key============================================TARGET_PRODUCT=genericTARGET_BUILD_VARIANT=engTARGET_SIMULATOR=TARGET_BUILD_TYPE=releaseTARGET_ARCH=armHOST_ARCH=x86HOST_OS=linuxHOST_BUILD_TYPE=releaseBUILD_ID=============================================Combining NOTICE files: out/target/product/generic/obj/NOTICE.txtFinding NOTICE files: out/host/linux-x86/obj/NOTICE_FILES/hash-timestampCombining NOTICE files: out/host/linux-x86/obj/NOTICE.txtPackage: out/target/product/generic/generic-img-eng.justin.zipSDK buildinfo: out/target/product/generic/sdk/sdk-build.propDocs droiddoc: out/target/common/docs/dxjavadoc: 错误 - 在 doclet 类 DroidDoc 中,方法 start 已抛出异常 java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetExceptioncom.sun.tools.javac.code.Symbol$CompletionFailure: 未找到 sun.util.resources.OpenListResourceBundle 的类文件

    此时,可以考虑重新安装sun jdk5, 或者直接从http://java.sun.com/javase/downloads 下载到~/android/downloads/jdk-1_5_0_17-linux-i586.bin

    sudo apt-get install sun-java5-jdk

    并设置相应的.bashrc命令。

    sdk编译成功后会在~/android/src/out/host/linux-x86/sdk/ 生成sdk的文件目录和压缩包:

    android-sdk_eng.justin_linux-x86 android-sdk_eng.justin_linux-x86.zip

    并在~/android/src/out/target/product/generic(generic是默认的产品名)下打包所有的映像文件:

    generic-img-eng.justin.zip

    生成的SDK目录结构为:

    /home/justin/android/src/out/host/linux-x86/sdk/android-sdk_eng.justin_linux-x86: 总计 32 drwxrwx--- 6 justin justin 4096 02-13 17:06 . drwxr-x--- 3 justin justin 4096 02-13 17:09 .. drwxrwx--- 2 justin justin 4096 02-13 17:06 add-ons drwxrwx--- 14 justin justin 4096 02-13 17:06 docs -rw-rw---- 1 justin justin 172 02-13 17:08 documentation.html drwxrwx--- 3 justin justin 4096 02-13 17:06 platforms -rw-rw---- 1 justin justin 225 02-13 17:08 RELEASE_NOTES.txt drwxrwx--- 3 justin justin 4096 02-13 17:08 tools

    安装生成的SDK只需要在.bashrc中增加:

    export PATH=$PATH:/home/justin/android/src/out/host/linux-x86/sdk/android-sdk_eng.justin_linux-x86/tools

    为了使用方便,将生成的SDK目录链结至~/android/sdk:

    ln -sf /home/justin/android/src/out/host/linux-x86/sdk/android-sdk_eng.justin_linux-x86/tools / ~/android/sdk

    TOP模块编译

    在src目录执行:

    cd ~/android/src. build/envsetup.sh

    envsetup.sh 提供了一些的bash函数定义,当运行了envsetup.sh后就可以使用help 命令来查看:

    help

    得到这些命令的帮助信息:

    Invoke ". build/envsetup.sh" from your shell to add the following functions to your environment:- croot: Changes directory to the top of the tree.- m: Makes from the top of the tree.- mm: Builds all of the modules in the current directory.- mmm: Builds all of the modules in the supplied directories.- cgrep: Greps on all local C/C++ files.- jgrep: Greps on all local Java files.- resgrep: Greps on all local res/*.xml files.Look at the source to view more functions. The complete list is:add_lunch_combo cgrep check_product check_variant choosecombo chooseproduct choosetype choosevariant croot findmakefile gdbclient get_abs_build_var getbugreports get_build_var getprebuilt gettop help isviewserverstarted jgrep lunch m mm mmm pid printconfig print_lunch_menu resgrep runhat runtest setpaths set_sequence_number set_stuff_for_environment settitle smoketest startviewserver stopviewserver tapas tracedmdump

    其中对模块的编译有帮助的是tapas、m、mm、mmm这几个命令。

    1.tapas - 以交互方式设置build环境,以下是运行效果:

    tapas

    第一步,选择目标设备:

    Build for the simulator or the device? 1. Device 2. SimulatorWhich would you like? [1]

    第二步,选择目标代码格式:

    Build type choices are: 1. release 2. debugWhich would you like? [1]

    第三步,选择产品平台:

    Product choices are: 1. emulator 2. generic 3. simYou can also type the name of a product if you know it.Which would you like? [generic]

    第四步,在选用参数下构建平台。

    2. 独立模块的构件命令

    m: Makes from the top of the tree.mm: Builds all of the modules in the current directory.mmm: Builds all of the modules in the supplied directories.

    其中mmm后面要跟模块的根目录,不是所有的目录下都有子模块,那些含有Android.mk文件目录才是 模块的根目录,模块名可以从Android.mk的LOCAL_MODULE或者LOCAL_PACKAGE_NAME变量中得到。

    单独编译某模块,需要在mmm后面指定模块路径,例如编译application中的Contacts:

    mmm packages/apps/Contacts/

    或者在src目录下直接运行make module name:

    cd ~/android/srcmake Contacts

    TOP增量编译的步骤

    1. 修改代码

    2. 编译所修改的代码所在模块,例如:

    cd ~/android/srcmmm packages/apps/Contacts

    3. 在~/android/src中运行:

    cd ~/android/srcmake snod

    该命令生成一个新的系统映像system.img

    4.将这个系统映像拷贝至sdk下:

    cd ~/android/srccp out/target/product/generic/system.img / out/host/linux-x86/sdk/android-sdk_eng.justin_linux-x86/tools/lib/images/

    5. 删除程序遗留的数据:

    out/host/linux-x86/sdk/android-sdk_eng.justin_linux-x86/tools/emulator -wipe-data

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