类CClientDC派生于CDC,在构造时调用了Windows函数GetDC,在析构时调用了ReleaseDC。这意味着和CClientDC对象相关的设备上下文是窗口的客户区。要了解有关CClientDC的更详细的信息,请参阅联机文档“Visual C++程序员指南斨械摹吧璞干舷挛臄部分。
#include <afxwin.h> 请参阅 CDC
CClientDC类的成员 构造函数 CClientDC构造一个连接到CWnd上的CClientDC对象
数据成员 m_hWnd CClientDC所在的有效窗口的HWND
成员函数 CClientDC::CClientDC CClientDC(CWnd* pWnd ); throw( CResourceException ); 参数 pWnd设备上下文将要存取的客户区所在的窗口。 说明 本函数构造一个CClientDC对象,它将存取pWnd指向的CWnd的客户区。此构造函数调用了Windows函数GetDC。如果Windows函数GetDC调用失败,则产生一个CResourceException类型的异常。如果Windows已经分配出了所有可用的设备上下文,则没有新的设备上下文可用。无论何时,应用总在竞争使用Windows提供的五个公共显示上下文。
数据成员 CClientDC::m_hWnd 说明 m_hWnd是一个保护的变量,是用来构造m_hWnd对象的CWnd指针的HWND。
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几种DC及区别 CClientDC:(客户区设备上下文)用于客户区的输出,与特定窗口关联,可以让开发者访问目标窗口中客户区,其构造函数中包含了GetDC,析构函数中包含了ReleaseDC:
CClientDC::CClientDC(CWnd* pWnd){ ... if (!Attach(::GetDC(m_hWnd = pWnd->GetSafeHwnd()))) AfxThrowResourceException();}
CClientDC::~CClientDC(){ ... ::ReleaseDC(m_hWnd, Detach());}用法是:CClientDC dc(this);//this一般指向本窗口或当前活动视图dc.TextOut(10,10,str,str.GetLength());//利用dc输出文本,如果是在CScrollView中使用,还要注意调用OnPrepareDC(&dc)调整设备上下文的坐标。CPaintDC用于响应窗口重绘消息(WM_PAINT)是的绘图输出。CPaintDC在构造函数中调用BeginPaint()取得设备上下文,在析构函数中调用EndPaint()释放设备上下文。EndPaint()除了释放设备上下文外,还负责从消息队列中清除WM_PAINT消息。因此,在处理窗口重画时,必须使用CPaintDC,否则WM_PAINT消息无法从消息队列中清除,将引起不断的窗口重画。CPaintDC也只能用在WM_PAINT消息处理之中。CPaintDC::CPaintDC(CWnd* pWnd){ ... if (!Attach(::BeginPaint(m_hWnd = pWnd->m_hWnd, &m_ps))) AfxThrowResourceException();}
CPaintDC::~CPaintDC(){ ... ::EndPaint(m_hWnd, &m_ps); Detach();}CWindowDC:关联一特定窗口,允许开发者在目标窗口的任何一部分进行绘图,包含边界与标题,这种DC同WM_NCPAINT消息一起发送
CWindowDC与CClientDC,CPaintDC的区别:CWindowDC可在非客户区绘制图形,而CClientDC,CPaintDC只能在客户区绘制图形。CWindowDC下坐标原点是在屏幕的左上角,CClientDC,CPaintDC下坐标原点是在客户区的左上角。CClientDC与CPaintDC的区别:
CPaintDC的对象一般用在OnPaint内以响应Windows消息WM_PAINT,自动完成绘制,在整个窗口内进行重画,维持原有窗口完整性。CClientDC应用在非响应Windows消息WM_PAINT的情况下,进行实时绘制,绘制的区域内被重画。
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VC中MFC下的绘图初步解析
作者:zieckey(zieckey@yahoo.com.cn)All Rights Reserved!
首先我们说下通过鼠标的移动来绘制直线。这里要捕获到鼠标的两个消息:WM_LBUTTONDOWN, WM_LBUTTONUP 响应WM_LBUTTONDOWN消息记录直线的起始点,响应WM_LBUTTONUP消息记录直线的终点并绘制直线。好了,我们看看怎么响应。void CDrawView::OnLButtonDown(UINT nFlags, CPoint point) {//MessageBox("Left Button Clicks DrawView");m_ptOrigin = point ; //这里先定义了一个内部变量保存直线的起始点CView::OnLButtonDown(nFlags, point);}
下面看看响应WM_LBUTTONUP消息记录直线的终点并绘制直线。
//方法一void CDrawView::OnLButtonUp(UINT nFlags, CPoint point) {HDC hdc;hdc = ::GetDC(m_hWnd); //调用全局函数MoveToEx(hdc,m_ptOrigin.x,m_ptOrigin.y,0);LineTo(hdc,point.x,point.y);::ReleaseDC(m_hWnd,hdc);CView::OnLButtonUp(nFlags, point);}//方法二void CDrawView::OnLButtonUp(UINT nFlags, CPoint point) {CDC *pDC = GetDC();pDC->MoveTo(m_ptOrigin);pDC->LineTo(point);ReleaseDC(pDC);}//方法三void CDrawView::OnLButtonUp(UINT nFlags, CPoint point) {CClientDC dc(this) ; //CClientDC对象构造的时候就调用了GetDC,析构的时候调用
ReleaseDC ,只能访问客户区CClientDC dc(GetParent());dc.MoveTo(m_ptOrigin);dc.LineTo(point);}//方法四void CDrawView::OnLButtonUp(UINT nFlags, CPoint point) {CWindowDC dc(this) ; //CWindowDC可以访问客户区和非客户区dc.MoveTo(m_ptOrigin);dc.LineTo(point);}void CDrawView::OnLButtonUp(UINT nFlags, CPoint point) {CWindowDC dc(GetDesktopWindow()) ; //现在可以访问桌面dc.MoveTo(m_ptOrigin);dc.LineTo(point);}
连续线绘图:思路:鼠标移动的信号被捕捉到,然后随时响应该信号,绘制图线这里要设置一个BOOL变量 m_bDraw 来判断是否鼠标左键按下了。
//画连续的线条void CDrawView::OnMouseMove(UINT nFlags, CPoint point) {if ( m_bDraw ){ CClientDC dc(this) ; dc.MoveTo(m_ptOrigin); //移动到原来的点 dc.LineTo(point); //绘制直线 m_ptOrigin = point ; //将现在的点赋值给原来的坐标,以便下次调用}CView::OnMouseMove(nFlags, point);}
//改变画笔的颜色void CDrawView::OnMouseMove(UINT nFlags, CPoint point) {if ( m_bDraw ){ CClientDC dc(this) ; CPen pen( PS_SOLID , 1 , RGB(255,128,128) ); CPen *pOldPen = dc.SelectObject(&pen); dc.MoveTo(m_ptOrigin); dc.LineTo(point); m_ptOrigin = point ; dc.SelectObject(pOldPen);}CView::OnMouseMove(nFlags, point);}
//画扇型void CDrawView::OnMouseMove(UINT nFlags, CPoint point) {if ( m_bDraw ){ CClientDC dc(this) ; CPen pen( PS_SOLID , 1 , RGB(255,128,128) ); CPen *pOldPen = dc.SelectObject(&pen); dc.MoveTo(m_ptOrigin); dc.LineTo(m_ptOld); dc.MoveTo(m_ptOrigin); dc.LineTo(point); m_ptOld = point ; dc.SelectObject(pOldPen);}CView::OnMouseMove(nFlags, point);}//画带边线的扇型void CDrawView::OnMouseMove(UINT nFlags, CPoint point) {
if ( m_bDraw ){ CClientDC dc(this) ; CPen pen( PS_SOLID , 1 , RGB(255,128,128) ); CPen *pOldPen = dc.SelectObject(&pen); dc.MoveTo(m_ptOrigin); dc.LineTo(m_ptOld); dc.MoveTo(m_ptOrigin); dc.LineTo(point); dc.MoveTo(m_ptOld); dc.LineTo(point); m_ptOld = point ; dc.SelectObject(pOldPen);}CView::OnMouseMove(nFlags, point);}
//看看绘图的模式设置方法void CDrawView::OnMouseMove(UINT nFlags, CPoint point) { if ( m_bDraw ){ CClientDC dc(this) ; dc.SetROP2(R2_BLACK); //绘图的模式设置,始终绘制黑色图形 CPen pen( PS_SOLID , 1 , RGB(255,128,128) ); CPen *pOldPen = dc.SelectObject(&pen); dc.MoveTo(m_ptOrigin); dc.LineTo(m_ptOld); dc.MoveTo(m_ptOrigin); dc.LineTo(point); dc.MoveTo(m_ptOld); dc.LineTo(point); m_ptOld = point ; dc.SelectObject(pOldPen);}
CView::OnMouseMove(nFlags, point);}
到此,我们知道了一般地绘图方法了。
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图像文件相关操作
1,显示一张位图:
int CThreadPoolDlg::ShowFace(int xPos, int yPos, CString FilePath){// TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereCClientDC *pDC = new CClientDC(this);CBitmap Bitmap;HBITMAP hBitmap = (HBITMAP)LoadImage(NULL,FilePath,IMAGE_BITMAP,0,0,LR_LOADFROMFILE);Bitmap.Attach(hBitmap);CDC DCCompatible;DCCompatible.CreateCompatibleDC(pDC);DCCompatible.SelectObject(&Bitmap);BITMAP bmInfo;Bitmap.GetObject(sizeof(bmInfo),&bmInfo);pDC->BitBlt(xPos,yPos,bmInfo.bmWidth,bmInfo.bmHeight,&DCCompatible,0,0,SRCCOPY);return 1;
