struts2 的demo 中的employee层可以清晰的暂时struts希望给开发者带来的架构
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EmployeeAction <-- AbstractCRUDAction (web 层) ^ |EmployeeDao <-- AbstractDao <-- Dao (Domain 层，demo中也作为service存在于spring容器中) ^ |Employee <--IDEntity
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struts.xml 配置
<package name="skill" extends="default" namespace="/skill"> <default-interceptor-ref name="crudStack"/>
<action name="list" class="org.apache.struts2.showcase.action.SkillAction" method="list"> <result>/empmanager/listSkills.jsp</result> <interceptor-ref name="basicStack"/> </action> <action name="edit" class="org.apache.struts2.showcase.action.SkillAction"> <result>/empmanager/editSkill.jsp</result> <interceptor-ref name="params" /> <interceptor-ref name="basicStack"/> </action> <action name="save" class="org.apache.struts2.showcase.action.SkillAction" method="save"> <result name="input">/empmanager/editSkill.jsp</result> <result type="redirect">edit.action?skillName=${currentSkill.name}</result> </action> <action name="delete" class="org.apache.struts2.showcase.action.SkillAction" method="delete"> <result name="error">/empmanager/editSkill.jsp</result> <result type="redirect">edit.action?skillName=${currentSkill.name}</result> 这里展现了struts2具有良好的url特性，比起ww的crud!edit让人舒服多了 </action> </package>
<package name="employee" extends="default" namespace="/employee"> <default-interceptor-ref name="crudStack"/>
<action name="list" class="org.apache.struts2.showcase.action.EmployeeAction" method="list"> <result>/empmanager/listEmployees.jsp</result> <interceptor-ref name="basicStack"/> </action> <action name="edit-*" class="org.apache.struts2.showcase.action.EmployeeAction"> <param name="empId">{1}</param> <result>/empmanager/editEmployee.jsp</result> <interceptor-ref name="crudStack"><param name="validation.excludeMethods">execute</param></interceptor-ref> </action> <action name="save" class="org.apache.struts2.showcase.action.EmployeeAction" method="save"> <result name="input">/empmanager/editEmployee.jsp</result> <result type="redirect">edit-${currentEmployee.empId}.action</result> </action> <action name="delete" class="org.apache.struts2.showcase.action.EmployeeAction" method="delete"> <result name="error">/empmanager/editEmployee.jsp</result> <result type="redirect">edit-${currentEmployee.empId}.action</result> </action> </package> -----------------------------每一个action有自己的properties文件，非常便于管理和代码生成，当然也有一个全局的globalMessages.properties来存放一些save,delete这些都一样的字符employee=Employeeemployee.firstName=First Nameemployee.lastName=Last Nameemployee.description=Description
employee.id.required=Id is requiredemployee.lastName.required=Last Name is requiredemployee.birthDate.required=Birthdate is requiredemployee.backtolist=Back to Employee List
每个action自己的validation<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC "-//OpenSymphony Group//XWork Validator 1.0//EN" "http://www.opensymphony.com/xwork/xwork-validator-1.0.dtd"><validators> <!-- Field-Validator Syntax --> <field name="currentEmployee.empId"> <field-validator type="required"> <message key="employee.id.required"/> </field-validator> </field> <field name="currentEmployee.lastName"> <field-validator type="requiredstring"> <param name="trim">true</param> <message key="employee.lastName.required"/> </field-validator> </field> <field name="currentEmployee.birthDate"> <field-validator type="required"> <message key="employee.birthDate.required"/> </field-validator> </field></validators>
--------------------------------DAO是spring的bean,spring默认作为struts2的业务组件容器在struts.properties中struts.objectFactory = spring
由于这里是autowire，Autowiring means to look for objects defined in Spring with the same name as your object property所以action中所有用到IoC的地方，都会自动注入（因为action本质也是bean，下面会讲到）
<beans default-autowire="byName"> wire有四种方法：name， type， auto， constructor
<bean id="skillDao" class="org.apache.struts2.showcase.dao.SkillDao"/> <bean id="employeeDao" class="org.apache.struts2.showcase.dao.EmployeeDao"/> ----------------------------------struts2中的每一个action,也就是struts.xml里面声明的action,最终都将作为spring中的一个bean完成请求。如果你不做额外的设定，struts2会自动生成这个bean。如果你有特殊的需要，还可以在applicationContext.xml自己声明这个bean你必须根据需要来决定是否再次声明struts.xml<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"><struts> <include file="struts-default.xml"/>
<package name="default" extends="struts-default"> <action name="foo" class="com.acme.Foo"> 这个foo，在applicationConext.xml中没有声明，struts会自动生成一个bean <result>foo.ftl</result> </action> </package>
<package name="secure" namespace="/secure" extends="default"> <action name="bar" class="bar"> 这个foo，在applicationConext.xml中声明了，struts会使用下面配置 <result>bar.ftl</result> </action> </package></struts>
applicationConext.xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd"><beans default-autowire="autodetect"> <bean id="bar" class="com.my.BarClass" singleton="false"/> ...</beans>
-------------------------无缝集成ajax只要声明了theme="ajax"，该标签控件的操作就被转换成ajax，请求发送到AjaxRemoteFormConfigured Editor configuration:<s:form id="form2" action="AjaxRemoteForm" method="post"> <s:textarea id="editor2" name="data" theme="ajax" cols="50" rows="10" value="Test Data 2"> <s:param name="editorControls">textGroup;|;justifyGroup;|;listGroup;|;indentGroup</s:param> </s:textarea> <s:submit value="Submit"/></s:form>
------------------------集成了多种模板jsp,velocity,freemaker
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struts2 继承了ww2的优良传统，并且摈弃了ww2的一些缺陷，也可以看成是对ww2的一次重购。无疑是目前最主流，最强大的MVC框架了。
它实现了和spring的完美结合
集成了ajax（dojo+dwr）
其插件支持jasperreports，jfreechart
