转自 http://androidssh.iteye.com/blog/810593
实验平台：Ubuntu 10.10，Hadoop0.20.2，JDK1.6
step 1. ssh的安装设置 由于Hadoop用ssh 通信，因此先进行免密码登录设定， root$ apt-get install ssh root$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_rsaroot$ cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keysroot$ ssh localhost 完成后请登入确认不用输入密码，（第一次登入需按enter键，第二次就可以直接登入到系统。~$ ssh localhost~$ exit~$ ssh localhost~$ exit
step 2. 安装java
1、下载linux下JDK，我下载的是jdk-6u22-linux-i586.bin2、将该文件放置到/usr/lib/jvm/java文件夹下,jvm和java为新建文件夹3、运行命令cd /usr/lib/jvm/java进入该目录sudo chmod u+x /usr/lib/jvm/java/jdk-6u22-linux-i586.bin修改bin文件权限，使其可执行然后，执行以下命令sudo /usr/lib/jvm/java/jdk-6u22-linux-i586.bin最后可见终端显示：Java(TM) SE Development Kit 6 successfully installed.此处省去n个字符Press Enter to continue.....证明安装已完成4、运行如下命令sudo vi /etc/environment打开环境变量进行配置具体配置如下：PATH="...:/usr/lib/jvm/java/jdk1.6.0_22"CLASSPATH=.:/usr/lib/jvm/java/jdk1.6.0_22/libJAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java/jdk1.6.0_225、进行上述步骤后，在终端中运行java -version命令，提示如下：程序“java”已包含在下列软件包中：* gcj-4.4-jre-headless* gcj-4.5-jre-headless* openjdk-6-jre-headless请尝试：apt-get install <选定的软件包>因此还需要进行配置，以确保我们安装的程序为默认的JDK运行以下命令：update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /usr/lib/jvm/java/jdk1.6.0_22/bin/java 300update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javac javac /usr/lib/jvm/java/jdk1.6.0_22/bin/javac 300将我们安装的jdk加入java选单。接着执行:update-alternatives --config java通过这一步选择系统默认的jdk这样，再在终端中输入 java -version显示的应该是：java version "1.6.0_22"Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_22-b04)Java HotSpot(TM) Server VM (build 17.1-b03, mixed mode) step 3. 下载安装Hadoop
下载 Hadoop 0.20.2，并解开压缩文件到 /usr/local/hadoop/路径。 •root$ tar zxvf hadoop-0.20.0.tar.gz•root$ sudo chown -R hadoop:hadoop / usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.2 step 4. 设定 hadoop-env.sh •进入 hadoop 目录，做进一步的设定。我们需要修改两个档案，第一个是 hadoop-env.sh，需要设定 JAVA_HOME, HADOOP_HOME, PATH 三个环境变量。
创建hadoop用户
$ sudo adduser hadoop / usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.2 $ vi conf/hadoop-env.sh 贴上以下信息 export JAVA_HOME=export HADOOP_HOME=export PATH=$PATH:/opt/hadoop/binstep 5. 设定 hadoop配置文件 •編輯 /opt/hadoop/conf/core-site.xml <configuration> <property> <name>fs.default.name</name> <value>hdfs://localhost:9000</value> </property> <property> <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name> <value>/tmp/hadoop/hadoop-${user.name}</value> </property></configuration>•編輯 /opt/hadoop/conf/hdfs-site.xml <configuration> <property> <name>dfs.replication</name> <value>1</value> </property></configuration>•編輯 /opt/hadoop/conf/mapred-site.xml <configuration> <property> <name>mapred.job.tracker</name> <value>localhost:9001</value> </property></configuration>step 6. 格式化HDFS •以上我们已经设定好 Hadoop 单机测试的环境，接着让我们来启动 Hadoop 相关服务，格式化 namenode， secondarynamenode, tasktracker •$ cd /opt/hadoop•$ source /opt/hadoop/conf/hadoop-env.sh•$ hadoop namenode -format 执行画面如： 09/03/23 20:19:47 INFO dfs.NameNode: STARTUP_MSG: /************************************************************STARTUP_MSG: Starting NameNodeSTARTUP_MSG: host = /localhostSTARTUP_MSG: args = [-format]STARTUP_MSG: version = 0.20.3STARTUP_MSG: build = https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/hadoop/core/branches/branch-0.20 -r 736250; compiled by 'ndaley' on Thu Jan 22 23:12:08 UTC 2009************************************************************/09/03/23 20:19:47 INFO fs.FSNamesystem: fsOwner=hadooper,hadooper09/03/23 20:19:47 INFO fs.FSNamesystem: supergroup=supergroup09/03/23 20:19:47 INFO fs.FSNamesystem: isPermissionEnabled=true09/03/23 20:19:47 INFO dfs.Storage: Image file of size 82 saved in 0 seconds.09/03/23 20:19:47 INFO dfs.Storage: Storage directory /tmp/hadoop-hadooper/dfs/name has been successfully formatted.09/03/23 20:19:47 INFO dfs.NameNode: SHUTDOWN_MSG: /************************************************************SHUTDOWN_MSG: Shutting down NameNode at /localhost************************************************************/step 7. 启动Hadoop •接着用 start-all.sh 来启动所有服务，包含 namenode, datanode, /usr/local/hadoop/hadoop$ bin/start-all.sh执行画面如： starting namenode, logging to /opt/hadoop/logs/hadoop-hadooper-namenode-vPro.outlocalhost: starting datanode, logging to /opt/hadoop/logs/hadoop-hadooper-datanode-vPro.outlocalhost: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /opt/hadoop/logs/hadoop-hadooper-secondarynamenode-vPro.outstarting jobtracker, logging to /opt/hadoop/logs/hadoop-hadooper-jobtracker-vPro.outstep 8. 安装完毕测试 •启动之后，可以检查以下网址，来观看服务是否正常。Hadoop 管理接口 Hadoop Task Tracker 状态 Hadoop DFS 状态 •http://localhost:50030/ - Hadoop 管理接口
step 7. 停止Hadoop
$ bin/stop-all.sh
问题：
1、vi问题sudo apt-get install vim
