相对来说，oracle中平时我们大多采用dbca图形化建库方式，所以手工建库或许比较有些难度，这个也是OCM考试中需要关注的地方，特别做了测试，主要是9i, 对于10g可宜采用同样的步骤实现。
1.修改/etc/orataboral:/opt/oracle/database:N2.创建sys口令认证文件orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapworal password=system entries=5 3.设置oracle用户环境变量实例名vi .bash_profileexport ORACLE_SID=oralexport ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracleexport ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/databaseexport PATH=$PATH:$ORALCE_HOME/bin:.
4.创建目录oracle@marvelyu:~/> mkdir -p /opt/oracle/admin/oral/bdumporacle@marvelyu:~/> mkdir -p /opt/oracle/admin/oral/udumporacle@marvelyu:~/> mkdir -p /opt/oracle/admin/oral/cdumporacle@marvelyu:~/> mkdir -p /opt/oracle/admin/oral/adump5.创建pfilecd $ORACLE_HOME/dbscat init.ora |grep -v ^# |grep -v ^$>initoral.ora修改参数文件内容,一些关键参数修改*.audit_file_dest='/opt/oracle/admin/oral/adump'*.background_dump_dest='/opt/oracle/admin/oral/bdump'*.compatible='9.2.0.2'*.control_files='/opt/oracle/oradata/control01.ctl','/opt/oracle/oradata/control02.ctl'*.core_dump_dest='/opt/oracle/admin/oral/cdump'*.db_cache_size=80M*.db_name='oral'*.global_names=TRUE*.log_buffer=32768*.shared_pool_size=3500000*.undo_management='AUTO'*.user_dump_dest='/opt/oracle/admin/oral/udump'完成后记得create spfile from pfile;来创建spfile文件。
6.运行建库脚本
启动数据库到nomount>sqlplus "/as sysdba">stratup nomount pfile='$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initoral.ora'
CREATE DATABASE oralUSER SYS IDENTIFIED BY systemUSER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED by systemLOGFILEGROUP 1 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/redo01.log') SIZE 100M,GROUP 2 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/redo02.log') SIZE 100M,GROUP 3 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/redo03.log') SIZE 100MMAXLOGFILES 5MAXLOGMEMBERS 5MAXLOGHISTORY 1MAXDATAFILES 100MAXINSTANCES 1CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBKNATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16DATAFILE '/opt/oracle/oradata/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCALDEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempTEMPFILE '/opt/oracle/oradata/temp01.dbf'SIZE 20MUNDO TABLESPACE undotbsDATAFILE '/opt/oracle/oradata/undotbs01.dbf'SIZE 200M AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;7.创建其他系统表空间CREATE TABLESPACE users LOGGING DATAFILE '/opt/oracle/oradata/users01.dbf' SIZE 25M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 1280K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;CREATE TABLESPACE indx LOGGING DATAFILE '/opt/oracle/oradata/indx01.dbf' SIZE 25M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 1280K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;8.运行创建数据字典脚本$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
对于10g,也仅仅是多了个sysaux的文件:
CREATE DATABASE mynewdb USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY system USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY system
LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/redo01.log') SIZE 100M, GROUP 2 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/redo02.log') SIZE 100M, GROUP 3 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/redo03.log') SIZE 100M MAXLOGFILES 5 MAXLOGMEMBERS 5 MAXLOGHISTORY 1 MAXDATAFILES 100 MAXINSTANCES 1 CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16 DATAFILE '/opt/oracle/oradata/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCALSYSAUX DATAFILE '/opt/oracle/oradata/oral/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSEDEFAULT TABLESPACE user DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1 DATAFILE '/opt/oracle/oradata/temp01.dbf' SIZE 20M REUSE UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs DATAFILE '/opt/oracle/oradata/undotbs01.dbf' SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 5120K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;
