字符串日期比较和时间差 and java时间操作函数汇总

    技术2022-05-19  18

    原文: http://yakar.javaeye.com/blog/179171

    只要格式正确,直接比较字符串就可以了呀,精确到秒的也一样     String   s1   =   "2003-12-12   11:30:24";     String   s2   =   "2004-04-01   13:31:40";     int   res   =   s1.compareTo(s2);         求日期差:     SimpleDateFormat   df   =   new   SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd   HH:mm:ss");     Date   begin=df.parse("2004-01-02   11:30:24");     Date   end   =   df.parse("2004-03-26   13:31:40");     long   between=(end.getTime()-begin.getTime())/1000;//除以1000是为了转换成秒     int   day=between/(24*3600);     int   hour=between%(24*3600)/3600;     int   minute=between600/60;     int   second=between`; 

     

    http://www.javaeye.com/topic/256420

     

    经常用到时间日期类,所以就将常用的日期方法和属性都归纳总结如下,方便大家查找 

    1.计算某一月份的最大天数 

    Calendar time=Calendar.getInstance(); 

    time.clear(); 

    time.set(Calendar.YEAR,year); 

    time.set(Calendar.MONTH,i-1);//注意,Calendar对象默认一月为0 

    int day=time.getActualMaximum(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);//本月份的天数 

    注:在使用set方法之前,最好先clear一下,否则很多信息会继承自系统当前时间 

    2.Calendar和Date的转化 

    (1) Calendar转化为Date 

    Calendar cal=Calendar.getInstance(); 

    Date date=cal.getTime(); 

    (2) Date转化为Calendar 

    Date date=new Date(); 

    Calendar cal=Calendar.getInstance(); 

    cal.setTime(date); 

    3.格式化输出日期时间 

    Date date=new Date(); 

    SimpleDateFormat df=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss"); 

    System.out.println(df.format(date)); 

    4.计算一年中的第几星期 

    (1)计算某一天是一年中的第几星期 

    Calendar cal=Calendar.getInstance(); 

    cal.set(Calendar.YEAR, 2006); 

    cal.set(Calendar.MONTH, 9); 

    cal.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 3); 

    int weekno=cal.get(Calendar.WEEK_OF_YEAR); 

    (2)计算一年中的第几星期是几号 

    SimpleDateFormat df=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"); 

    Calendar cal=Calendar.getInstance(); 

    cal.set(Calendar.YEAR, 2006); 

    cal.set(Calendar.WEEK_OF_YEAR, 1); 

    cal.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK, Calendar.MONDAY); 

    System.out.println(df.format(cal.getTime())); 

    输出: 

    2006-01-02 

    5.add()和roll()的用法 

    (1)add()方法 

    SimpleDateFormat df=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"); 

    Calendar cal=Calendar.getInstance(); 

    cal.set(Calendar.YEAR, 2006); 

    cal.set(Calendar.MONTH, 9); 

    cal.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 3); 

    cal.add(Calendar.DATE, -4); 

    Date date=cal.getTime(); 

    System.out.println(df.format(date)); 

    cal.add(Calendar.DATE, 4); 

    date=cal.getTime(); 

    System.out.println(df.format(date)); 

    输出: 

    2006-08-30 

    2006-10-03 

    (2)roll方法 

    cal.set(Calendar.YEAR, 2006); 

    cal.set(Calendar.MONTH, 9); 

    cal.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 3); 

    cal.roll(Calendar.DATE, -4); 

    date=cal.getTime(); 

    System.out.println(df.format(date)); 

    cal.roll(Calendar.DATE, 4); 

    date=cal.getTime(); 

    System.out.println(df.format(date)); 

    输出: 

    2006-10-29 

    2006-10-03 

    可见,roll()方法在本月内循环,一般使用add()方法; 

    6.计算两个任意时间中间的间隔天数 

    (1)传进Calendar对象 

    /** *//**计算两个时间之间相隔天数 

    * @param startday 开始时间 

    * @param endday 结束时间 

    * @return 

    */ 

    public int getIntervalDays(Calendar startday,Calendar endday)...{ 

    //确保startday在endday之前 

    if(startday.after(endday))...{ 

    Calendar cal=startday; 

    startday=endday; 

    endday=cal; 

    //分别得到两个时间的毫秒数 

    long sl=startday.getTimeInMillis(); 

    long el=endday.getTimeInMillis(); 

     

    long ei=el-sl; 

    //根据毫秒数计算间隔天数 

    return (int)(ei/(1000*60*60*24)); 

    (2)传进Date对象 

    /** *//**计算两个时间之间相隔天数 

    * @param startday 开始时间 

    * @param endday 结束时间 

    * @return 

    */ 

    public int getIntervalDays(Date startday,Date endday)...{ 

    //确保startday在endday之前 

    if(startday.after(endday))...{ 

    Date cal=startday; 

    startday=endday; 

    endday=cal; 

    //分别得到两个时间的毫秒数 

    long sl=startday.getTime(); 

    long el=endday.getTime(); 

     

    long ei=el-sl; 

    //根据毫秒数计算间隔天数 

    return (int)(ei/(1000*60*60*24)); 

    }同理,可以用相同的方法计算出任意两个时间相隔的小时数,分钟数,秒钟数等 

    注:以上方法是完全按时间计算,有时并不能令人满意,如: 

    startday="2006-10-11 20:00:00" 

    endday="2006-10-12 8:00:00" 

    计算结果为0,但是我们也许相让计算结果变为1,此时可以用如下方法实现: 

    在传参之前,先设定endday的时间,如: 

    endday.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 23); 

    endday.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 59); 

    endday.set(Calendar.SECOND, 59); 

    endday.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, 59); 

    这样再传进去startday,endday,则结果就如我们所愿了。不过,如果嫌以上方法麻烦,可以参考以下方法: 

    (3)改进精确计算相隔天数的方法 

    public int getDaysBetween (Calendar d1, Calendar d2) ...{ 

    if (d1.after(d2)) ...{ // swap dates so that d1 is start and d2 is end 

    java.util.Calendar swap = d1; 

    d1 = d2; 

    d2 = swap; 

    int days = d2.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR) - d1.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR); 

    int y2 = d2.get(Calendar.YEAR); 

    if (d1.get(Calendar.YEAR) != y2) ...{ 

    d1 = (Calendar) d1.clone(); 

    do ...{ 

    days += d1.getActualMaximum(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);//得到当年的实际天数 

    d1.add(Calendar.YEAR, 1); 

    } while (d1.get(Calendar.YEAR) != y2); 

    return days; 

     

     

    获取系统当前时间: 

    public static String getSystemTime(){ 

    Date date=new Date(); 

    SimpleDateFormat df=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); 

    return df.format(date); 

     

    //字符串转化成时间类型(字符串可以是任意类型,只要和SimpleDateFormat中的格式一致即可) 

     

    java.text.SimpleDateFormat sdf = new java.text.SimpleDateFormat("M/dd/yyyy hh:mm:ss a",java.util.Locale.US); 

     

    java.util.Date d = sdf.parse("5/13/2003 10:31:37 AM"); 

     

     

    SimpleDateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); 

     

    String mDateTime1=formatter.format(d); 

     

     

       //当前时间 

     

       Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance(); 

     

    // SimpleDateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); 

     

    SimpleDateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss G E D F w W a E F"); 

     

       String mDateTime=formatter.format(cal.getTime()); 

     

     

     

       //1年前日期 

     

       java.util.Date myDate=new java.util.Date(); 

     

       long myTime=(myDate.getTime()/1000)-60*60*24*365; 

     

       myDate.setTime(myTime*1000); 

     

       String mDate=formatter.format(myDate); 

     

     

     

       //明天日期 

     

       myDate=new java.util.Date(); 

     

       myTime=(myDate.getTime()/1000)+60*60*24; 

     

       myDate.setTime(myTime*1000); 

     

       mDate=formatter.format(myDate); 

     

     

     

    //两个时间之间的天数 

     

       SimpleDateFormat myFormatter = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"); 

     

       java.util.Date date= myFormatter.parse("2003-05-1"); 

     

       java.util.Date mydate= myFormatter.parse("1899-12-30"); 

     

       long day=(date.getTime()-mydate.getTime())/(24*60*60*1000); 

     

     

     

     

     

    //加半小时 

     

    SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss"); 

     

    java.util.Date date1 = format.parse("2002-02-28 23:16:00"); 

     

    long Time=(date1.getTime()/1000)+60*30; 

     

    date1.setTime(Time*1000); 

     

    String mydate1=formatter.format(date1); 

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    //年月周求日期 

     

    SimpleDateFormat formatter2 = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM F E"); 

     

    java.util.Date date2= formatter2.parse("2003-05 5 星期五"); 

     

    SimpleDateFormat formatter3 = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"); 

     

    String mydate2=formatter3.format(date2); 

     

     

     

    //求是星期几 

     

    mydate= myFormatter.parse("2001-1-1"); 

     

    SimpleDateFormat formatter4 = new SimpleDateFormat("E"); 

     

    String mydate3=formatter4.format(mydate); 

     

    在 开发web应用中,针对不同的数据库日期类型,我们需要在我们的程序中对日期类型做各种不同的转换。若对应数据库数据是oracle的Date类型,即只 需要年月日的,可以选择使用java.sql.Date类型,若对应的是MSsqlserver数据库的DateTime类型,即需要年月日时分秒的,选 择java.sql.Timestamp类型 

    你可以使用dateFormat定义时间日期的格式,转一个字符串即可 

    package personal.jessica; import java.util.Date; import java.util.Calendar; import java.sql.Timestamp; import java.text.DateFormat; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Locale; class Datetest{ /** *method 将字符串类型的日期转换为一个timestamp(时间戳记java.sql.Timestamp) *@param dateString 需要转换为timestamp的字符串 *@return dataTime timestamp */ public final static java.sql.Timestamp string2Time(String dateString) throws java.text.ParseException { DateFormat dateFormat; dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd kk:mm:ss.SSS", Locale.ENGLISH);//设定格式 //dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd kk:mm:ss", Locale.ENGLISH); dateFormat.setLenient(false); java.util.Date timeDate = dateFormat.parse(dateString);//util类型 java.sql.Timestamp dateTime = new java.sql.Timestamp(timeDate.getTime());//Timestamp类型,timeDate.getTime()返回一个long型 return dateTime; } /** *method 将字符串类型的日期转换为一个Date(java.sql.Date) *@param dateString 需要转换为Date的字符串 *@return dataTime Date */ public final static java.sql.Date string2Date(String dateString) throws java.lang.Exception { DateFormat dateFormat; dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd", Locale.ENGLISH); dateFormat.setLenient(false); java.util.Date timeDate = dateFormat.parse(dateString);//util类型 java.sql.Date dateTime = new java.sql.Date(timeDate.getTime());//sql类型 return dateTime; } public static void main(String[] args){ Date da = new Date(); //注意:这个地方da.getTime()得到的是一个long型的值 System.out.println(da.getTime()); //由日期date转换为timestamp //第一种方法:使用new Timestamp(long) Timestamp t = new Timestamp(new Date().getTime()); System.out.println(t); //第二种方法:使用Timestamp(int year,int month,int date,int hour,int minute,int second,int nano) Timestamp tt = new Timestamp(Calendar.getInstance().get( Calendar.YEAR) - 1900, Calendar.getInstance().get( Calendar.MONTH), Calendar.getInstance().get( Calendar.DATE), Calendar.getInstance().get( Calendar.HOUR), Calendar.getInstance().get( Calendar.MINUTE), Calendar.getInstance().get( Calendar.SECOND), 0); System.out.println(tt); try { String sToDate = "2005-8-18";//用于转换成java.sql.Date的字符串 String sToTimestamp = "2005-8-18 14:21:12.123";//用于转换成java.sql.Timestamp的字符串 Date date1 = string2Date(sToDate); Timestamp date2 = string2Time(sToTimestamp); System.out.println("Date:"+date1.toString());//结果显示 System.out.println("Timestamp:"+date2.toString());//结果显示 }catch(Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }   下面是例子:  Java代码   package test; import java.text.DateFormat; import java.text.ParseException; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Calendar; import java.util.Date; import java.util.Hashtable; import javax.swing.JOptionPane; public class Test2{ public static boolean isdate(String s){ String a[]=s.split("-"); boolean flg=true; if(!(Integer.parseInt(a[0])>=1950 && Integer.parseInt(a[0])<=2050)){ flg=false; } return flg; } public static boolean checkDate(String s){ boolean ret = true; try{ DateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"); ret = df.format(df.parse(s)).equals(s); } catch(ParseException e){ ret = false; } return ret; } public Object dateinfo(String s){ String a[]=s.split("-",2); Hashtable fest =new Hashtable(); fest.put("01-01","元旦节"); fest.put("02-14","情人节"); fest.put("03-12","植树节"); fest.put("03-15","消费者节"); fest.put("04-01","愚人节"); fest.put("04-05","清明节"); fest.put("05-01","劳动节"); fest.put("06-01","儿童节"); fest.put("07-01","建党节"); fest.put("08-01","建军节"); fest.put("09-10","教师节"); fest.put("10-01","国庆节"); fest.put("12-25","圣诞节"); if(fest.containsKey(a[1])){ return fest.get(a[1]); } else{ return "无节日"; } } public String xingzuo(Date s){ Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance(); cal.setTime(s); String xingzuo="无"; int day=cal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR); if((cal.get(Calendar.YEAR)%4==0)&&(cal.get(Calendar.YEAR)0!=0)||(cal.get(Calendar.YEAR)@0==0)){ if((day>=1 &&day<=19)||(day>=357&&day<=366)){ xingzuo= "魔蝎座"; } else if(day>=20 &&day<=49){ xingzuo= "水瓶座"; } else if(day>=50 &&day<=80){ xingzuo= "双鱼座"; } else if(day>=81 &&day<=110){ xingzuo= "白羊座"; } else if(day>=111 &&day<=141){ xingzuo= "金牛座"; } else if(day>=142 &&day<=173){ xingzuo= "双子座"; } else if(day>=174 &&day<=203){ xingzuo= "巨蟹座"; } else if(day>=204 &&day<=235){ xingzuo= "狮子座"; } else if(day>=236 &&day<=266){ xingzuo= "处女座"; } else if(day>=267 &&day<=296){ xingzuo= "天秤座"; } else if(day>=297 &&day<=326){ xingzuo= "天蝎座"; } else if(day>=327 &&day<=356){ xingzuo= "射手座"; } } else{ if((day>=1 &&day<=19)||(day>=357&&day<=366)){ xingzuo= "魔蝎座"; } else if(day>=20 &&day<=48){ xingzuo= "水瓶座"; } else if(day>=49 &&day<=79){ xingzuo= "双鱼座"; } else if(day>=80 &&day<=109){ xingzuo= "白羊座"; } else if(day>=110 &&day<=140){ xingzuo= "金牛座"; } else if(day>=141 &&day<=172){ xingzuo= "双子座"; } else if(day>=173 &&day<=202){ xingzuo= "巨蟹座"; } else if(day>=203 &&day<=234){ xingzuo= "狮子座"; } else if(day>=235 &&day<=265){ xingzuo= "处女座"; } else if(day>=266 &&day<=295){ xingzuo= "天秤座"; } else if(day>=296 &&day<=325){ xingzuo= "天蝎座"; } else if(day>=326 &&day<=355){ xingzuo= "射手座"; } } return xingzuo; } public Date parseDate(String s){ SimpleDateFormat bartDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"); try { Date date3 = bartDateFormat.parse(s); date3=bartDateFormat.parse(s); return date3; } catch (Exception ex) { return null; } } public static void main(String[] args) { Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance(); Test2 test2=new Test2(); String date1=JOptionPane.showInputDialog("请你输入日期,格式如2000-10-15"); while(!(Test2.checkDate(date1)&&Test2.isdate(date1))){ date1=JOptionPane.showInputDialog("请你输入日期,格式如2000-10-15"); } SimpleDateFormat bartDateFormat1 = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy,MM,dd,EEEE"); SimpleDateFormat bartDateFormat2 = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"); Date date2=test2.parseDate(date1); String festinfo=(String)test2.dateinfo(date1); System.out.println(bartDateFormat1.format(date2) +","+ festinfo+","+ test2.xingzuo(date2)); String day=JOptionPane.showInputDialog("请你输入要查询N天后的日期信息"); cal.setTime(date2); cal.add(Calendar.DATE, Integer.parseInt(day)); String date5=bartDateFormat2.format(cal.getTime()); festinfo=(String)test2.dateinfo(date5); System.out.println(bartDateFormat1.format(cal.getTime())+","+ festinfo+","+ test2.xingzuo(cal.getTime())); } } 

     


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