MVC架构已深得人心，微软也不甘落后，推出了Asp.net MVC，并在vs2010中已经内置了MVC的相关功能。如果使用vs2008，需要下载安装Service Pack 1和ASP.NET MVC Framework。MVC现在已经是2.0的版本。
选择相关开发语言，创建一个 ASP.NET MVC Web Application 项目，选择不需要单元测试，这样生成了一个MVC框架，按Ctrl+F5运行，可看到一个欢迎主页。
注意：使用MVC后不是按链接文件来访问页面，而是通过控制器实现路由链接。
我们通过一个简单的增删查改的功能来体会一下MVC开发的过程。
第一步：模块开发
首先我们创建一个简单的表格：test，该表格只有两个字段：id和name。并创建一个数据类，在Models文件夹中创建一个类，代码如下：
代码 // Test.cs using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; namespace MvcWeb.Models{ public class Test { private int _id = - 1 ; public int id { get { return _id; } set { _id = value; } } public String name { get ; set ;} }}
然后在Models文件夹中创建一个文件夹：Maping，在此文件中新建一个LINQ to Sql，将test表拖进设计器中，保存。
最后在Models文件夹中新建一个类：TestModel.cs，输入如下代码：
代码 using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.Data.Linq; using MvcWeb.Models.Maping; namespace MvcWeb.Models{ public static class TestModel { private static TestDbMapingDataContext testDb = new TestDbMapingDataContext(); // 返回记录总数 public static int Count() { return testDb.test.Count(); } // 分页列表 public static List < Test > GetList( int page, int pageSize) { var query = (from c in testDb.test orderby c.id ascending select c).Skip((page - 1 ) * pageSize).Take(pageSize); List < Test > result = new List < Test > (); foreach (var t in query) result.Add(FillRecord(t)); return result; } // 列表 public static List < Test > GetList() { var query = (from c in testDb.test orderby c.id ascending select c); List < Test > result = new List < Test > (); foreach (var t in query) result.Add(FillRecord(t)); return result; } // 修改和插入保存 public static long Save(Test myTest) { try { test t = (from c in testDb.test where c.id == myTest.id select c).FirstOrDefault(); if (t == null ) { t = new test(); t.id = myTest.id; t.name = myTest.name; testDb.test.InsertOnSubmit(t); } else { t.name = myTest.name; } testDb.SubmitChanges(); return t.id; } catch (ChangeConflictException ce) { testDb.ChangeConflicts.ResolveAll(RefreshMode.OverwriteCurrentValues); testDb.SubmitChanges(); } return - 1 ; } // 删除记录 public static bool Delete( int id) { try { test t = (from c in testDb.test where c.id == id select c).FirstOrDefault(); testDb.test.DeleteOnSubmit(t); testDb.SubmitChanges(); return t != null ; } catch (ChangeConflictException ce) { testDb.ChangeConflicts.ResolveAll(RefreshMode.OverwriteCurrentValues); testDb.SubmitChanges(); } return false ; } // 取一条记录 public static Test GetItem( int id) { test t = (from c in testDb.test where c.id == id select c).FirstOrDefault(); return FillRecord(t); } // 构造数据对象 private static Test FillRecord(test i) { Test result = null ; if (i != null ) { result = new Test(); result.id = i.id; result.name = i.name; } return result; } }}
第二步：控制器开发
在Controllers文件夹中右键选择Controller，将生成一个控制器，将文件名改为：TestController.cs，并将代码做些修改，以访问模块：
代码 using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.Web.Mvc; using MvcWeb.Models; namespace MvcWeb.Controllers{ public class TestController : Controller { // // GET: /Test/ int pageSize = 3 ; public ActionResult Index( int page) { if (page * pageSize > TestModel.Count()) page = page - 1 ; if (page <= 0 ) page = 1 ; ViewData[ " page " ] = page; var model = TestModel.GetList(page, pageSize); return View(model); } // // GET: /Test/Details/5 public ActionResult Details( int id) { var model = TestModel.GetItem(id); return View(model); } // // GET: /Test/Create public ActionResult Create() { Test mytest = new Test(); return View(mytest); } // // POST: /Test/Create [HttpPost] public ActionResult Create( int id,FormCollection collection) { try { // TODO: Add insert logic here Test mytest = new Test(); UpdateModel(mytest, collection.ToValueProvider()); if (mytest.name == null ) ViewData.ModelState.AddModelError( " name " , " userName not specified. " ); if ( ! ViewData.ModelState.IsValid) throw new InvalidOperationException(); TestModel.Save(mytest); return RedirectToAction( " Index?page=1 " ); } catch (InvalidOperationException ex) { return View( new Test()); } } // // GET: /Test/Edit/5 public ActionResult Edit( int id) { var model = TestModel.GetItem(id); return View(model); } // // POST: /Test/Edit/5 [HttpPost] public ActionResult Edit( int id, FormCollection collection) { try { // TODO: Add update logic here Test mytest = new Test(); UpdateModel(mytest, collection.ToValueProvider()); TestModel.Save(mytest); return RedirectToAction( " Index?page=1 " ); } catch { return View(); } } // // GET: /Test/Delete/5 public ActionResult Delete( int id) { var model = TestModel.GetItem(id); return View(model); } // // POST: /Test/Delete/5 [HttpPost] public ActionResult Delete( int id, FormCollection collection) { try { // TODO: Add delete logic here TestModel.Delete(id); return RedirectToAction( " Index " , new { page = 1 }); } catch { return View(); } } }}
第三步：视图开发
在控制器的Index方法中按右键，选择“Add View”，作出如下图的选择：
即在Views/Test文件夹下面生成一个视图：Index.aspx，因为我们使用了分页设计，所以在文件后面加上如代码：
<%= Html.ActionLink( " Create New " , " Create " ) %> <% = Html.ActionLink( " << 前一页 " , " Index " , new { page = ( int )ViewData[ " Page " ] - 1 }) %> <% = Html.ActionLink( " 后一页 >> " , " Index " , new { page = ( int )ViewData[ " Page " ] + 1 }) %>
打开Views/Home/Index.aspx，加入一个对Test页面的链接：
<%= Html.ActionLink( " 测试 " , " Index?page=1 " , " Test " ) %>
按上面的方法在控制器的Create, Edit, Delete生成相关视图，因为主页使用了分页，所以要将返回主页的链接“Back to List”，略作修改：“Index?page=1”。我们可以看看生成的Create.aspx的代码：
代码 <% @ Page Title = "" Language = " C# " MasterPageFile = " ~/Views/Shared/Site.Master " Inherits = " System.Web.Mvc.ViewPage<MvcWeb.Models.Test> " %> < asp:Content ID ="Content1" ContentPlaceHolderID ="TitleContent" runat ="server" > Create </ asp:Content > < asp:Content ID ="Content2" ContentPlaceHolderID ="MainContent" runat ="server" > < h2 > Create </ h2 > <% using (Html.BeginForm()) { %> <% = Html.ValidationSummary( true ) %> < fieldset > < legend > Fields </ legend > < div class ="editor-label" > <% = Html.LabelFor(model => model.id) %> </ div > < div class ="editor-field" > <% = Html.TextBoxFor(model => model.id) %> <% = Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.id) %> </ div > < div class ="editor-label" > <% = Html.LabelFor(model => model.name) %> </ div > < div class ="editor-field" > <% = Html.TextBoxFor(model => model.name) %> <% = Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.name) %> </ div > < p > < input type ="submit" value ="Create" /> </ p > </ fieldset > <% } %> < div > <% = Html.ActionLink( " Back to List " , " Index?page=1 " ) %> </ div > </ asp:Content >
完成任务，按Ctrl+F5运行，在主页上点击“测试”，即可体验增删查改的功能。
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