Ajax实现省市三级联动V1.0

完整版见https://jadyer.github.io/

这是一个Servlet应用。。

首先是web.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <servlet> <servlet-name>InitProvinceServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.jadyer.servlet.InitProvinceServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet> <servlet-name>GetCityServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.jadyer.servlet.GetCityServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet> <servlet-name>GetAreaServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.jadyer.servlet.GetAreaServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>InitProvinceServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/servlet/InitProvinceServlet</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>GetCityServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/servlet/GetCityServlet</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>GetAreaServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/servlet/GetAreaServlet</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!-- 在version="2.5"中，可以直接在<welcome-file-list>里面执行Servlet应用 --> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>servlet/InitProvinceServlet</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>

然后是用来显示省市三级联动效果的index.jsp页面

<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%> <style> #area { background-color: #FFFFC0; font-size: 12px; color: green; } </style> <script type="text/javascript"> var xmlHTTP = new XMLHttpRequest(); //支持Internet Explorer-8.0.6001.18702 function getCitys(provinceID){ //若省份项选中了【==请选择省份==】则清空城市列表数据，并显示【==请选择城市==】 if('0' == provinceID){ clearCitys(); return; } xmlHTTP.open('GET', '${pageContext.request.contextPath}/servlet/GetCityServlet?provinceID='+provinceID, true); xmlHTTP.onreadystatechange = callbackCitys; //设置回调函数 xmlHTTP.setRequestHeader("if-Modified-Since", "0"); //设置不使用浏览器缓存 xmlHTTP.send(null); //发送请求 } function callbackCitys(){ if(4==xmlHTTP.readyState && 200==xmlHTTP.status){ //此时返回的字符串类似于【4,哈尔滨|5,佳木斯|6,双鸭山|】 var citys = xmlHTTP.responseText.split("|"); clearCitys(); var city = document.getElementById("city"); for(var i=0; i<(citys.length-1); i++){ var cityString = citys[i].split(","); city.options[i+1] = new Option(cityString[1], cityString[0]); //new Option(text,value) } } } //清空城市列表数据 function clearCitys(){ var city = document.getElementById('city'); document.getElementById("area").innerHTML = ""; city.length = 0; city.options[0] = new Option('==请选择城市==', '0'); } function getArea(cityID){ if('0' == cityID){ document.getElementById("area").innerHTML = ""; return; } xmlHTTP.open('GET', '${pageContext.request.contextPath}/servlet/GetAreaServlet?cityID='+cityID, true); xmlHTTP.onreadystatechange = callbackArea; xmlHTTP.setRequestHeader("if-Modified-Since", "0"); xmlHTTP.send(null); } function callbackArea(){ if(4==xmlHTTP.readyState && 200==xmlHTTP.status){ //此时返回的字符串类似于【4,哈尔滨,著名的冰城|13,巴彦县,我的家乡|14,延寿县,延寿山庄|15,木兰县,慈航古寺】 var areas = xmlHTTP.responseText.split("|"); var cityString = areas[0].split(","); var s = "<p><b>" + cityString[1] + "市为：" + cityString[2] + "</b><br/>" //当该城市下没有区县时，返回的字符串类似于【12,铁岭,中国小品王的家乡】，故此时areas.length的长度为1 if(1 == areas.length){ s += "其下没有县"; document.getElementById("area").innerHTML = s; return; }else{ s += "其下的区县为：<br/>"; } for(var i=1; i<(areas.length); i++){ var areaString = areas[i].split(","); s += "名称：" + areaString[1]; s += "&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;描述：" + areaString[2]; s += "<br/>"; } s += "</p>"; document.getElementById("area").innerHTML = s; } } </script> 省份： <select id="province" οnchange="getCitys(this.value)"> <option value="0">==请选择省份==</option> <c:forEach items="${requestScope.provinces}" var="province"> <option value="${province.cityID}">${province.cityName}</option> </c:forEach> </select>      城市： <select id="city" οnchange="getArea(this.value)"> <option>==请选择城市==</option> </select> <div id="area"></div>

然后是用于从数据库执行查询操作的CityDao.java

package com.jadyer.dao; import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.PreparedStatement; import java.sql.ResultSet; import java.sql.SQLException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import javax.naming.Context; import javax.naming.InitialContext; import javax.naming.NamingException; import javax.sql.DataSource; import com.jadyer.model.City; /** * 这里的代码，应该重构一下，但为了演示方便，就没有重构 */ public class CityDao { /** * 根据父ID得到所有一级子类 * @see 如果传递为0，则得到所有根节点 */ public List<City> findByParentID(int parentID){ String sql = "select cityID, cityName, description from city where parentID=?"; List<City> citys = new ArrayList<City>(); try { Context context = new InitialContext(); //有关jdbc/oracleds连接池的配置，参见http://blog.csdn.net/jadyer/archive/2010/11/10/6001023.aspx DataSource ds = (DataSource)context.lookup("java:/comp/env/jdbc/oracleds"); Connection conn = ds.getConnection(); PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql); pstmt.setInt(1, parentID); ResultSet rs = pstmt.executeQuery(); while(rs.next()){ citys.add(new City(rs.getInt("cityID"), rs.getString("cityName"), rs.getString("description"))); } } catch (NamingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return citys; } /** * 根据ID得到该城市的详细信息 */ public City fingByCityID(int cityID){ String sql = "select cityName, description from city where cityID=?"; City city = null; try { Context context = new InitialContext(); DataSource ds = (DataSource)context.lookup("java:/comp/env/jdbc/oracleds"); Connection conn = ds.getConnection(); PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql); pstmt.setInt(1, cityID); ResultSet rs = pstmt.executeQuery(); while(rs.next()){ city = new City(cityID, rs.getString("cityName"), rs.getString("description")); } } catch (NamingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return city; } }

用于储存City信息的实体类

package com.jadyer.model; public class City { private Integer parentID; private Integer cityID; private String cityName; private String description; /* 四个属性的getter和setter方法略 */ public City(){} public City(Integer cityID, String cityName, String description){ this.cityID = cityID; this.cityName = cityName; this.description = description; } }

用于初始化所有省份信息的InitProvinceServlet.java

package com.jadyer.servlet; import java.io.IOException; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import com.jadyer.dao.CityDao; @SuppressWarnings("serial") public class InitProvinceServlet extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws ServletException, IOException { CityDao cityDao = new CityDao(); //获取所有省份的信息 request.setAttribute("provinces", cityDao.findByParentID(0)); request.getRequestDispatcher("/index.jsp").forward(request, response); } }

用于获取指定省份下的所有城市信息的GetCityServlet.java

package com.jadyer.servlet; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.PrintWriter; import java.util.List; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import com.jadyer.dao.CityDao; import com.jadyer.model.City; @SuppressWarnings("serial") public class GetCityServlet extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws ServletException, IOException { response.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8"); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); int provinceID = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("provinceID")); CityDao cityDao = new CityDao(); List<City> citys = cityDao.findByParentID(provinceID); //返回该省份下的所有城市的信息。。每个城市的ID和name之间以逗号隔开，城市和城市之间以竖号隔开 for(City city : citys){ out.print(city.getCityID() + "," + city.getCityName() + "|"); } } }

用于获取指定城市下的所有区县信息的GetAreaServlet.java

package com.jadyer.servlet; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.PrintWriter; import java.util.List; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import com.jadyer.dao.CityDao; import com.jadyer.model.City; @SuppressWarnings("serial") public class GetAreaServlet extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws ServletException, IOException { response.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8"); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); int cityID = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("cityID")); CityDao cityDao = new CityDao(); City city22 = cityDao.fingByCityID(cityID); List<City> areas = cityDao.findByParentID(cityID); //返回该城市的详细信息 out.print(city22.getCityID() + "," + city22.getCityName() + "," + city22.getDescription()); //返回该城市下所有区县的详细信息。。每个地区的ID和name之间以逗号隔开，地区和地区之间以竖号隔开 for(City city : areas){ out.print("|" + city.getCityID() + "," + city.getCityName() + "," + city.getDescription()); } } }

最后是数据库脚本文件

--Oracle 11g --创建表格 create table city( id number(3) primary key, parentID number(3), --0表示根节点 cityID number(3), cityName varchar(20), description varchar(20) ) --创建序列 create sequence city_sequence increment by 1 start with 1 nomaxvalue nocycle; --添加一级菜单 insert into city values(city_sequence.nextval, 0, 1, '黑龙江', '东北三省的黑龙江省'); insert into city values(city_sequence.nextval, 0, 2, '吉林省', '东北三省的吉林省'); insert into city values(city_sequence.nextval, 0, 3, '辽宁省', '东北三省的辽宁省'); --添加二级菜单 insert into city values(city_sequence.nextval, 1, 4, '哈尔滨', '著名的冰城'); insert into city values(city_sequence.nextval, 1, 5, '佳木斯', '传说的贼城'); insert into city values(city_sequence.nextval, 1, 6, '双鸭山', '满族发源地'); insert into city values(city_sequence.nextval, 2, 7, '长春', '中国汽车之都'); insert into city values(city_sequence.nextval, 2, 8, '辽源', '中国琵琶之乡'); insert into city values(city_sequence.nextval, 2, 9, '通化', '中国医药之城'); insert into city values(city_sequence.nextval, 3, 10, '沈阳', '中国优秀旅游城市'); insert into city values(city_sequence.nextval, 3, 11, '大连', '中国第一海军广场'); insert into city values(city_sequence.nextval, 3, 12, '铁岭', '中国小品王的家乡'); --添加三级菜单 --这里只提供了黑龙江省的三级联动数据，关于其它省份的数据，请自行添加 insert into city values(city_sequence.nextval, 4, 13, '巴彦县', '我的家乡'); insert into city values(city_sequence.nextval, 4, 14, '延寿县', '延寿山庄'); insert into city values(city_sequence.nextval, 4, 15, '木兰县', '慈航古寺'); insert into city values(city_sequence.nextval, 5, 16, '抚远县', '白四爷庙'); insert into city values(city_sequence.nextval, 5, 17, '汤原县', '西郎君城'); insert into city values(city_sequence.nextval, 5, 18, '桦川县', '鱼米之乡'); insert into city values(city_sequence.nextval, 6, 19, '集贤县', '大菩提寺'); insert into city values(city_sequence.nextval, 6, 20, '宝清县', '雁窝之岛'); insert into city values(city_sequence.nextval, 6, 21, '友谊县', '中苏友谊');