被nano编辑器折腾了半天，收藏一下吧。省得以后到处找 我们以后基本都需要编辑文件来实现不同的设置，那么我们用什么来设置配置文件呢，用编辑器，就好比windows下的记事本和写字板，我们今天就来讲一下debian的默认编辑器----nano 首先我们在网络上看看有没nano的资料 网络上很少有nano的资料，那么我就来 给大家讲解一下nano的使用吧 就以编辑网络配置文件为例子吧 GNU nano 1.2.4，nano的版本 File: /etc/network/interfaces打开的文件的绝对地址 下面就是打开的文件的内容 # This file describes the network interfaces available on your system # and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5). # The loopback network interface auto lo iface lo inet loopback # The primary network interface auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.254.20 netmask 255.255.255.0 network 192.168.254.0 broadcast 192.168.254.255 gateway 192.168.254.254 # dns-* options are implemented by the resolvconf package, if installed dns-nameservers 202.103.0.117 202.103.24.68 [ Read 17 lines ] ^G Get Help ^O WriteOut ^R Read File ^Y Prev Page ^K Cut Text ^C Cur Pos ^X Exit ^J Justify ^W Where Is ^V Next Page ^U UnCut Txt ^T To Spell 这些是帮助栏目，呵呵^G表示ctrl+g一起按，呵呵 ^G Get Help表示同时按ctrl和G，就是调出帮助菜单 我们来试一下 我按 了一下就调出了帮助菜单了，我下面就直接把快捷键表给大家，大家试试吧 一直以来vi都被人们说是最强大的编辑器，但gentoo和debian选择nano做了默认的编辑器 freebsd选择ee做了默认的编辑器，我相信在专业人士眼睛里面freebsd和redaht比较起来， redhat基本没什么可以炫耀的，为什么他们不选择vi呢，因为vi操作比较复杂 而所谓的简单编辑器nano就简单，非常容易上手，说是简单编辑器 其实一点都不简单，只不过是nano谦虚一下罢了 这里声明一下^表示键盘上的ctrl键，上个只要是做过编程的朋友应该都清楚，^G表示同时按下ctrl和g (F1)表示按(F1)也是一样的 ，M-表示使用alt+后面的键 ^G ==F1) Invoke the help menu 调用帮助菜单 ^X ==(F2) Close currently loaded file/Exit from nano 退出 ^O ==(F3) Write the current file to disk == ^O WriteOut 保存 然后回车就保存了 ^J ==(F4) Justify the current paragraph 调整当前段落（配置文件的不要用这东西，格式一下就出问题了哦） ^R ==(F5) Insert another file into the current one 插入其他的文件到当前的文件，而且查找文件的时候支持tab ^W ==(F6) Search for text within the editor 查找 ^Y ==(F7) Move to the previous screen 上一屏幕 ^V ==(F8) Move to the next screen 下一屏幕 ^K ==(F9) Cut the current line and store it in the cutbuffer 裁减当前一排并保存在缓冲区 ^U ==(F10) Uncut from the cutbuffer into the current line 将缓冲区的东西粘贴到此 ^C ==(F11) Show the position of the cursor 显示光标位置 ^T ==(F12) Invoke the spell checker, if available 调用拼写检查程序 ^P Move up one line 向上移动一行 ^N Move down one line 向下移动一 ^F Move forward one character 向前移动光标一格 ^B Move back one character 向后移动光标一格 ^A Move to the beginning of the current line 移动到当前行的开头 ^E Move to the end of the current line 移动到当前行的末尾 ^L Refresh (redraw) the current screen 刷新当前屏幕 ^^ (M-A) Mark text at the current cursor location 标记文本 ^D Delete the character under the cursor 删除光标后一个字母 ^H Delete the character to the left of the cursor 向左边删一个字母 ^I Insert a tab character 插入一个tab值 ^ (F14) (M-R) Replace text within the editor 查找并且替换 ^M Insert a carriage return at the cursor position 插入一个回车 ^_ (F13) (M-G) Go to a specific line number 跳转到某行 ^Space Move forward one word 前进一个单词 M-Space Move backward one word 后退一个单词 M-] Find other bracket 搜索下一个括号 M-< Open previously loaded file 打开先前加载的文件 M-> Open next loaded file 打开下一个加载的文件 M-C Constant cursor position enable/disable M-I Auto indent enable/disable 是否首行缩进 M-Z Suspend enable/disable 是否悬挂 M-X Help mode enable/disable 帮助模式 M-M Mouse support enable/disable 鼠标支持 M-Y Color syntax highlighting enable/disable 语法加亮 这个就是退出了哦 好了nano 的编辑器就说这样多了 然后我们来说一下基本的几个配置文件以及地方 首先是打开命令行高效输入的位置 看到了高级的命令行补全，连软件包的名字都不需要记了哦，呵呵，是不是很爽哦 怎么ls没颜色了，你们是不是在redhat里面看到过颜色啊，那我们来改 看到了没，兰色是目录，白色是文件，绿色是可以运行的文件 cnrot:/# ll -bash: ll: command not found 告诉我们ll没这个命令 那我们来做一个自己定义的命令吧 记住要注销才生效，不需要重新启动的哦 看到了没 看到了没，这是自己定义命令哦 好了，我现在 给大家说几个文件的位置吧 怕大家找不到 首先是网络配置文件/etc/network/interfaces GNU nano 1.2.4 File: /etc/network/interfaces Modified # This file describes the network interfaces available on your system # and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5). # The loopback network interface auto lo iface lo inet loopback # The primary network interface auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.254.20 netmask 255.255.255.0 network 192.168.254.0 broadcast 192.168.254.255 gateway 192.168.254.254 # dns-* options are implemented by the resolvconf package, if installed dns-nameservers 202.103.0.117 202.103.24.68 安装源配置文件 GNU nano 1.2.4 File: /etc/apt/sources.list #deb file:///cdrom/ sarge main deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 3.1 r0a _Sarge_ - Official i386 Binary-1 (20050607)$ deb http://debian.cn99.com/debian/ stable main deb-src http://debian.cn99.com/debian/ stable main deb http://security.debian.org/ stable/updates main contrib 原文地址：http://www.cnrot.cn/show.aspx?id=47&cid=17
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The nano editor is designed to emulate the functionality and ease-of-use of the UW Pico text editor. There are four main sections of the editor. The top line shows the program version, the current filename being edited, and whether or not the file has been modified. Next is the main editor window showing the file being edited. The status line is the third line from the bottom and shows important messages. The bottom two lines show the most commonly used shortcuts in the editor. The notation for shortcuts is as follows: Control-key sequences are notated with a caret (^) symbol and can be entered either by using the Control (Ctrl) key or pressing the Escape (Esc) key twice. Escape-key sequences are notated with the Meta (M-) symbol and can be entered using either the Esc, Alt, or Meta key depending on your keyboard setup. Also, pressing Esc twice and then typing a three-digit decimal number from 000 to 255 will enter the character with the corresponding value. The following keystrokes are available in the main editor window. Alternative keys are shown in parentheses:
^G (F1) Display this help text ^X (F2) Close the current file buffer / Exit from nano ^O (F3) Write the current file to disk ^J (F4) Justify the current paragraph ^R (F5) Insert another file into the current one ^W (F6) Search for a string or a regular expression ^Y (F7) Go to previous screen ^V (F8) Go to next screen ^K (F9) Cut the current line and store it in the cutbuffer ^U (F10) Uncut from the cutbuffer into the current line ^C (F11) Display the position of the cursor ^T (F12) Invoke the spell checker, if available M-/ (M-|) Go to the first line of the file M-/ (M-?) Go to the last line of the file
^_ (F13) (M-G) Go to line and column number ^/ (F14) (M-R) Replace a string or a regular expression ^^ (F15) (M-A) Mark text at the cursor position M-W (F16) Repeat last search M-^ (M-6) Copy the current line and store it in the cutbuffer M-} Indent the current line M-{ Unindent the current line ^F Go forward one character ^B Go back one character ^Space Go forward one word M-Space Go back one word ^P Go to previous line ^N Go to next line ^A Go to beginning of current line ^E Go to end of current line M-( (M-9) Go to beginning of paragraph; then of previous paragraph
M-) (M-0) Go just beyond end of paragraph; then of next paragraph M-] Go to the matching bracket M-- (M-_) Scroll up one line without scrolling the cursor M-+ (M-=) Scroll down one line without scrolling the cursor M-< (M-,) Switch to the previous file buffer M-> (M-.) Switch to the next file buffer M-V Insert the next keystroke verbatim ^I Insert a tab at the cursor position ^M Insert a newline at the cursor position ^D Delete the character under the cursor ^H Delete the character to the left of the cursor M-T Cut from the cursor position to the end of the file M-J Justify the entire file
M-D Count the number of words, lines, and characters ^L Refresh (redraw) the current screen ^Z Suspend the editor (if suspend is enabled) (M-X) Help mode enable/disable (M-C) Constant cursor position display enable/disable (M-O) Use of one more line for editing enable/disable (M-S) Smooth scrolling enable/disable (M-P) Whitespace display enable/disable (M-Y) Color syntax highlighting enable/disable (M-H) Smart home key enable/disable (M-I) Auto indent enable/disable (M-K) Cut to end enable/disable (M-L) Long line wrapping enable/disable (M-Q) Conversion of typed tabs to spaces enable/disable (M-B) Backup files enable/disable (M-F) Multiple file buffers enable/disable (M-M) Mouse support enable/disable (M-N) No conversion from DOS/Mac format enable/disable
(M-Z) Suspension enable/disable (M-$) Soft line wrapping enable/disable
