linux中查看进程

技术2026-09-23 11

想杀死fcitx进程，然后再重启它。

root@zhangbin-laptop:/home/zhangbin# ps -e | grep 'fcitx'

3405 ? 00:00:00 fcitx <defunct>

3415 ? 00:00:02 fcitx

不显示标题

root@zhangbin-laptop:/home/zhangbin# ps -h

Warning: bad ps syntax, perhaps a bogus '-'? See http://procps.sf.net/faq.html

929 tty4 Ss+ 0:00 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty4

936 tty5 Ss+ 0:00 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty5

945 tty2 Ss+ 0:00 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty2

946 tty3 Ss+ 0:00 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty3

949 tty6 Ss+ 0:00 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty6

1096 tty1 Ss+ 0:00 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty1

3303 tty8 Ss+ 0:28 /usr/bin/X :0 -br -verbose -auth /var/run/gdm/auth-fo

3590 pts/0 S 0:00 su

3598 pts/0 S 0:00 bash

3621 pts/0 S 0:00 dbus-launch --autolaunch 3153116c74ee72bf74da76a44d30

3787 pts/0 R+ 0:00 ps -h

显示所有进程 root@zhangbin-laptop:/home/zhangbin# ps -e PID TTY TIME CMD 1 ? 00:00:00 init 2 ? 00:00:00 kthreadd 3 ? 00:00:00 migration/0 4 ? 00:00:00 ksoftirqd/0 5 ? 00:00:00 watchdog/0 6 ? 00:00:00 events/0 7 ? 00:00:00 cpuset 8 ? 00:00:00 khelper 9 ? 00:00:00 netns 10 ? 00:00:00 async/mgr 11 ? 00:00:00 pm 12 ? 00:00:00 sync_supers 13 ? 00:00:00 bdi-default 14 ? 00:00:00 kintegrityd/0 15 ? 00:00:00 kblockd/0 16 ? 00:00:00 kacpid 17 ? 00:00:00 kacpi_notify 18 ? 00:00:00 kacpi_hotplug 19 ? 00:00:00 ata/0 20 ? 00:00:00 ata_aux 21 ? 00:00:00 ksuspend_usbd 22 ? 00:00:00 khubd 23 ? 00:00:00 kseriod 24 ? 00:00:00 kmmcd 27 ? 00:00:00 khungtaskd 28 ? 00:00:00 kswapd0 29 ? 00:00:00 ksmd 30 ? 00:00:00 aio/0 31 ? 00:00:00 ecryptfs-kthrea 32 ? 00:00:00 crypto/0 39 ? 00:00:00 scsi_eh_0 40 ? 00:00:00 scsi_eh_1 42 ? 00:00:00 kstriped 43 ? 00:00:00 kmpathd/0 44 ? 00:00:00 kmpath_handlerd 45 ? 00:00:00 ksnapd 46 ? 00:00:00 kondemand/0 47 ? 00:00:00 kconservative/0 252 ? 00:00:00 khpsbpkt 254 ? 00:00:00 knodemgrd_0 262 ? 00:00:00 jbd2/sda10-8 263 ? 00:00:00 ext4-dio-unwrit 296 ? 00:00:00 flush-8:0 323 ? 00:00:00 upstart-udev-br 327 ? 00:00:00 udevd 539 ? 00:00:00 kpsmoused 637 ? 00:00:00 i915 640 ? 00:00:00 jbd2/sda11-8 643 ? 00:00:00 ext4-dio-unwrit 652 ? 00:00:00 pccardd 654 ? 00:00:00 ipw2200/0 655 ? 00:00:00 udevd 681 ? 00:00:00 udevd 683 ? 00:00:00 ktpacpid 738 ? 00:00:00 jbd2/sda8-8 739 ? 00:00:00 ext4-dio-unwrit 778 ? 00:00:00 rsyslogd 787 ? 00:00:01 dbus-daemon 799 ? 00:00:00 gdm-binary 805 ? 00:00:00 avahi-daemon 807 ? 00:00:00 NetworkManager 809 ? 00:00:00 avahi-daemon 818 ? 00:00:00 modem-manager 822 ? 00:00:00 console-kit-dae 903 ? 00:00:00 wpa_supplicant 929 tty4 00:00:00 getty 936 tty5 00:00:00 getty 945 tty2 00:00:00 getty 946 tty3 00:00:00 getty 949 tty6 00:00:00 getty 951 ? 00:00:00 acpid 955 ? 00:00:00 anacron 960 ? 00:00:00 cron 961 ? 00:00:00 atd 996 ? 00:00:00 cupsd 1096 tty1 00:00:00 getty 1135 ? 00:00:00 upowerd 1139 ? 00:00:00 rtkit-daemon 1143 ? 00:00:00 polkitd 1291 ? 00:00:00 pulseaudio 1304 ? 00:00:00 gconf-helper 1316 ? 00:00:00 udisks-daemon 1317 ? 00:00:00 udisks-daemon 1434 ? 00:20:10 backend 1506 ? 00:00:00 system-service- 3252 ? 00:00:00 sh 3254 ? 00:00:00 run-parts 3258 ? 00:00:00 apt-xapian-inde 3259 ? 00:00:08 update-apt-xapi 3294 ? 00:00:00 gdm-simple-slav 3303 tty8 00:00:29 Xorg 3324 ? 00:00:00 dbus-launch 3339 ? 00:00:00 gdm-session-wor 3356 ? 00:00:00 gnome-keyring-d 3374 ? 00:00:00 gnome-session 3405 ? 00:00:00 fcitx <defunct> 3409 ? 00:00:00 ssh-agent 3412 ? 00:00:00 dbus-launch 3413 ? 00:00:00 dbus-daemon 3415 ? 00:00:03 fcitx 3417 ? 00:00:00 gconfd-2 3424 ? 00:00:00 gnome-settings- 3426 ? 00:00:00 gvfsd 3431 ? 00:00:00 gvfs-fuse-daemo 3435 ? 00:00:00 gnome-power-man 3437 ? 00:00:00 bluetooth-apple 3438 ? 00:00:02 gnome-panel 3439 ? 00:00:03 compiz 3440 ? 00:00:00 nautilus 3442 ? 00:00:00 nm-applet 3444 ? 00:00:00 polkit-gnome-au 3449 ? 00:00:00 syndaemon 3452 ? 00:00:00 gvfs-gdu-volume 3463 ? 00:00:00 gvfs-afc-volume 3466 ? 00:00:00 gvfs-gphoto2-vo 3468 ? 00:00:00 gvfsd-trash 3470 ? 00:00:00 bonobo-activati 3512 ? 00:00:00 trashapplet 3513 ? 00:00:02 wnck-applet 3526 ? 00:00:00 sh 3527 ? 00:00:00 gtk-window-deco 3535 ? 00:00:00 clock-applet 3536 ? 00:00:00 indicator-apple 3537 ? 00:00:00 indicator-apple 3538 ? 00:00:00 notification-ar 3544 ? 00:00:00 gvfsd-metadata 3546 ? 00:00:00 indicator-appli 3548 ? 00:00:00 indicator-messa 3550 ? 00:00:00 indicator-sound 3555 ? 00:00:00 indicator-sessi 3557 ? 00:00:00 gvfsd-burn 3559 ? 00:00:00 indicator-me-se 3562 ? 00:00:00 gnome-screensav 3568 ? 00:00:00 gdu-notificatio 3571 ? 00:00:00 gnome-terminal 3572 ? 00:00:00 gnome-pty-helpe 3573 pts/0 00:00:00 bash 3590 pts/0 00:00:00 su 3598 pts/0 00:00:00 bash 3610 ? 00:00:00 evolution-alarm 3611 ? 00:00:00 python 3616 ? 00:00:00 cat 3621 pts/0 00:00:00 dbus-launch 3622 ? 00:00:00 dbus-daemon 3658 ? 00:00:00 update-notifier 3678 ? 00:00:08 chrome 3681 ? 00:00:00 chrome 3683 ? 00:00:00 chrome 3741 ? 00:00:11 chrome 3766 ? 00:00:02 chrome 3779 ? 00:00:00 aptd 3789 pts/0 00:00:00 ps 全格式，显示终端上的进程。 root@zhangbin-laptop:/home/zhangbin# ps -f UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD root 3590 3573 0 23:43 pts/0 00:00:00 su root 3598 3590 0 23:43 pts/0 00:00:00 bash root 3621 1 0 23:43 pts/0 00:00:00 dbus-launch --autolaunch 3153116 root 3790 3598 0 23:53 pts/0 00:00:00 ps -f 显示终端上的所有进程 root@zhangbin-laptop:/home/zhangbin# ps -a PID TTY TIME CMD 3590 pts/0 00:00:00 su 3598 pts/0 00:00:00 bash 3621 pts/0 00:00:00 dbus-launch 3791 pts/0 00:00:00 ps 显示所有者的信息 root@zhangbin-laptop:/home/zhangbin# ps -u Warning: bad ps syntax, perhaps a bogus '-'? See http://procps.sf.net/faq.html USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND root 929 0.0 0.0 1792 464 tty4 Ss+ 23:20 0:00 /sbin/getty -8 root 936 0.0 0.0 1792 468 tty5 Ss+ 23:20 0:00 /sbin/getty -8 root 945 0.0 0.0 1792 468 tty2 Ss+ 23:20 0:00 /sbin/getty -8 root 946 0.0 0.0 1792 468 tty3 Ss+ 23:20 0:00 /sbin/getty -8 root 949 0.0 0.0 1792 468 tty6 Ss+ 23:20 0:00 /sbin/getty -8 root 1096 0.0 0.0 1792 468 tty1 Ss+ 23:20 0:00 /sbin/getty -8 root 3303 4.4 2.7 29932 20688 tty8 Ss+ 23:42 0:33 /usr/bin/X :0 - root 3590 0.0 0.2 4692 1636 pts/0 S 23:43 0:00 su root 3598 0.0 0.2 4784 1852 pts/0 S 23:43 0:00 bash root 3621 0.0 0.0 3384 744 pts/0 S 23:43 0:00 dbus-launch --a root 3792 0.0 0.1 2716 1048 pts/0 R+ 23:55 0:00 ps -u 统计当前进程数目 root@zhangbin-laptop:/home/zhangbin# ps -aux | wc Warning: bad ps syntax, perhaps a bogus '-'? See http://procps.sf.net/faq.html 154 1830 15628 root@zhangbin-laptop:/home/zhangbin# ps -aux | wc -l Warning: bad ps syntax, perhaps a bogus '-'? See http://procps.sf.net/faq.html 154 过滤特定进程数目 root@zhangbin-laptop:/home/zhangbin# ps aux | grep httpd | wc -l 1 root@zhangbin-laptop:/home/zhangbin# ps aux | grep httpd | wc 1 13 89 ======================

　ps命令最常用的还是用于监控后台进程的工作情况,因为后台进程是不和屏幕键盘这些标准输入/输出设备进行通信的,所以如果需要检测其情况,便可以使用ps命令了. 　　ps [选项] 　　下面对命令选项进行说明∶ 　　-e显示所有进程. 　　-f全格式. 　　-h不显示标题. 　　-l长格式. 　　-w宽输出. 　　a显示终端上的所有进程,包括其他用户的进程. 　　r只显示正在运行的进程. 　　x显示没有控制终端的进程. 　　O[+|-] k1 [,[+|-] k2 [,…]] 根据SHORT KEYS、k1、k2中快捷键指定的多级排序顺序显示进程列表.对于ps的不同格式都存在着默认的顺序指定.这些默认顺序可以被用户的指定所覆盖.其中“+”字符是可选的,“-”字符是倒转指定键的方向. 平时- 　　最常用的三个参数是u、a、x. 选项功能介绍-a显示所有终端中的进程。注意只有与终端关联的进程才会显示，那些守护进程或没有和终端关联的将不被显示。-x显示那些不关联终端的进程。-u显示进程所有者的信息-f显示进程的父进程信息-o对ps指令显示的信息进行定制，例如：pid、comm、%cpu、%mem、state、tty、euser、ruser

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