作者:徐长友一.概述: 本文通过一个实例向大家介绍用C# Builder进行Internet通讯编程的一些基本知识。我们知道.Net类包含了请求/响应层、应用协议层、传输层等层次。在本程序中,我们运用了位于请求/响应层的WebRequest类以及WebClient类等来实现高抽象程度的Internet通讯服务。本程序的功能是完成文件的下载。二.实现原理: 程序实现的原理比较简单,主要用到了WebClient类和FileStream类。其中WebClient类处于System.Net名字空间中,该类的主要功能是提供向URI标识的资源发送数据和从URI标识的资源接收数据的公共方法。我们利用其中的DownFile()方法将文件下载到本地。然后用FileStream类的实例对象以数据流的方式将文件数据写入本地文件。这样就完成了文件的下载。三.实现步骤: 1.首先,打开C# Builder,File->New->C# Application,Name这里我们设为"download"。 2.主界界的设置。text设为“文件下载”,StartPosition设为CenterScreen,MaximizeBox设为False,我们在主窗体上添加如下控件:两个标签控件label1,label2、一个文本框控件textBox1、一个按钮控件button1以及一个进度条控件progressBar1。 label1:text为URL;Label2:text为下载进度;textBox1:text设为空;button1:text设为下载; 3.程序的编码 //过程downfile,用于完成文件的下载 private void downfile() { string FileName; WebClient DownFile=new WebClient(); long fbytes; if (textBox1.Text!="") { saveFileDialog1.ShowDialog(); FileName=saveFileDialog1.FileName; if(FileName!= "") { //取得文件大小 WebRequest wr_request=WebRequest.Create(textBox1.Text); WebResponse wr_response=wr_request.GetResponse(); fbytes=wr_response.ContentLength; progressBar1.Maximum=(int)fbytes; progressBar1.Step=1; wr_response.Close(); //开始下载数据 DownFile.DownloadData(textBox1.Text); Stream strm = DownFile.OpenRead(textBox1.Text); StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(strm); byte[] mbyte = new byte[fbytes]; int allmybyte = (int)mbyte.Length; int startmbyte = 0; while(fbytes>0) { int m = strm.Read(mbyte,startmbyte,allmybyte); if(m==0) break; startmbyte+=m; allmybyte-=m; progressBar1.value+=m; } FileStream fstrm = new FileStream(FileName,FileMode.OpenOrCreate,FileAccess.Write); fstrm.Write(mbyte,0,startmbyte); strm.Close(); fstrm.Close(); progressBar1.value=progressBar1.Maximum; } } else { MessageBox.Show("没有输入要下载的文件!"); } } //双击“下载”按钮,输入以下代码: Thread th = new Thread(new ThreadStart(downfile)); th.Start(); //完整的代码如下:using System;using System.Drawing;using System.Collections;using System.ComponentModel;using System.Windows.Forms;using System.Data;using System.Net;using System.IO;using System.Threading;namespace download{ /// <summary> /// Summary description for WinForm. /// </summary> public class WinForm : System.Windows.Forms.Form { /// <summary> /// Required designer variable. /// </summary> private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null; private System.Windows.Forms.Label label1; private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox textBox1; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button1; private System.Windows.Forms.SaveFileDialog saveFileDialog1; private System.Windows.Forms.Label label2; private System.Windows.Forms.ProgressBar progressBar1; public WinForm() { // // Required for Windows Form Designer support // InitializeComponent(); // // TODO: Add any constructor code after InitializeComponent call // } /// <summary> /// Clean up any resources being used. /// </summary> protected override void Dispose (bool disposing) { if (disposing) { if (components != null) { components.Dispose(); } } base.Dispose(disposing); } #region Windows Form Designer generated code /// <summary> /// Required method for Designer support - do not modify /// the contents of this method with the code editor. /// </summary> private void InitializeComponent() { this.label1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label(); this.textBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox(); this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.saveFileDialog1 = new System.Windows.Forms.SaveFileDialog(); this.label2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label(); this.progressBar1 = new System.Windows.Forms.ProgressBar(); this.SuspendLayout(); // // label1 // this.label1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(40, 40); this.label1.Name = "label1"; this.label1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(40, 16); this.label1.TabIndex = 0; this.label1.Text = "URL:"; // // textBox1 // this.textBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(72, 36); this.textBox1.Name = "textBox1"; this.textBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(256, 21); this.textBox1.TabIndex = 1; this.textBox1.Text = ""; // // button1 // this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(256, 120); this.button1.Name = "button1"; this.button1.TabIndex = 2; this.button1.Text = "下载"; this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click); // // label2 // this.label2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(8, 80); this.label2.Name = "label2"; this.label2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(72, 23); this.label2.TabIndex = 3; this.label2.Text = "下载进度:"; // // progressBar1 // this.progressBar1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(72, 80); this.progressBar1.Name = "progressBar1"; this.progressBar1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(256, 16); this.progressBar1.TabIndex = 4; // // WinForm // this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(6, 14); this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(360, 173); this.Controls.Add(this.progressBar1); this.Controls.Add(this.label2); this.Controls.Add(this.button1); this.Controls.Add(this.textBox1); this.Controls.Add(this.label1); this.MaximizeBox = false; this.Name = "WinForm"; this.StartPosition = System.Windows.Forms.FormStartPosition.CenterScreen; this.Text = "文件下载"; this.ResumeLayout(false); } #endregion /// <summary> /// The main entry point for the application. /// </summary> [STAThread] static void Main() { Application.Run(new WinForm()); } private void downfile() { string FileName; WebClient DownFile=new WebClient(); long fbytes; if (textBox1.Text!="") { saveFileDialog1.ShowDialog(); FileName=saveFileDialog1.FileName; if(FileName!= "") { //取得文件大小 WebRequest wr_request=WebRequest.Create(textBox1.Text); WebResponse wr_response=wr_request.GetResponse(); fbytes=wr_response.ContentLength; progressBar1.Maximum=(int)fbytes; progressBar1.Step=1; wr_response.Close(); //开始下载数据 DownFile.DownloadData(textBox1.Text); Stream strm = DownFile.OpenRead(textBox1.Text); StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(strm); byte[] mbyte = new byte[fbytes]; int allmybyte = (int)mbyte.Length; int startmbyte = 0; while(fbytes>0) { int m = strm.Read(mbyte,startmbyte,allmybyte); if(m==0) break; startmbyte+=m; allmybyte-=m; progressBar1.value+=m; } FileStream fstrm = new FileStream(FileName,FileMode.OpenOrCreate,FileAccess.Write); fstrm.Write(mbyte,0,startmbyte); strm.Close(); fstrm.Close(); progressBar1.value=progressBar1.Maximum; } } else { MessageBox.Show("没有输入要下载的文件!"); } } private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e) { Thread th = new Thread(new ThreadStart(downfile)); th.Start(); } }} 4.按F9运行程序,输入一下载地址,点“下载”按钮试试。
四.结束语: 以上用一个简单的例子向大家展示了如何用C# Builder实现文件的下载,我们不难发现用C# Builder进行Internet通讯编程是非常方便的。在上面的程序中,我们仅仅用到了WebClient类的一些方法,而WebClient类不只是提供了文件下载的方法,还提供了文件上传等方法,有兴趣的读者不妨自己试试,查查帮助。 程序中使用了多线程,这是因为WebClient类占有的资源校大,在下载文件会使整个窗口的显示不完整。如果不用多线程的话,下载文件的时候,你根本没法移动窗口或进行其它的一些操作。 有兴趣的朋友可以到我的主页下载源码
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