ASP.NET 2.0 AJAX中能够在客户端js中很方便地调用服务器Webservice，以下为一些调用的示例。笔者安装的ASP.NET 2.0 AJAX
版本为AJAX November CTP。
三个示例分别为：1 带参数的WS方法2 不带参数的WS方法3 参数类型为DataTable的WS方法
一、WebMethod注意要点：1 WebMethod类需要添加命名空间 Microsoft.Web.Script.Services，此空间需要引用Microsoft.Web.Preview.dll2 类声明加入标签 [ScriptService]3 在Asp.net 2.0里可以直接用DataTable作为返回类型了，但是需要在Web.config文件添加序列化转换器的属性。DataSet、DataTable、DataRow均有转换器
<system.web.extensions> <scripting> <webServices> <jsonSerialization> <converters> <add name="DataSetConverter" type="Microsoft.Web.Preview.Script.Serialization.Converters.DataSetConverter, Microsoft.Web.Preview"/> <add name="DataRowConverter" type="Microsoft.Web.Preview.Script.Serialization.Converters.DataRowConverter, Microsoft.Web.Preview"/> <add name="DataTableConverter" type="Microsoft.Web.Preview.Script.Serialization.Converters.DataTableConverter, Microsoft.Web.Preview"/> </converters> </jsonSerialization> </webServices> </scripting> </system.web.extensions>WEB服务1：WS1
using System;using System.Web;using System.Collections;using System.Web.Services;using System.Web.Services.Protocols;using Microsoft.Web.Script.Services;using System.Data;/** <summary>/// WS1 的摘要说明/// </summary>[WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")][WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)][ScriptService]public class WS1 : System.Web.Services.WebService {
public WS1 () {
//如果使用设计的组件，请取消注释以下行 //InitializeComponent(); }
[WebMethod] public string ServerTime() { return String.Format("now： {0}", DateTime.Now); }
[WebMethod] public DataTable GetDataTable() { DataTable dt = new DataTable("Person");
dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Name", typeof(string))); dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("LastName", typeof(string))); dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Email", typeof(string)));
dt.Rows.Add("kui", "he", "hekui168@163.com"); dt.Rows.Add("ren", "chao", "chaoren888@163.com");
return dt; }}
WEB服务2：WS
using System;using System.Web;using System.Collections;using System.Web.Services;using System.Web.Services.Protocols;using Microsoft.Web.Script.Services;
/** <summary>/// WS 的摘要说明/// </summary>[WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")][WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)][ScriptService]public class WS : System.Web.Services.WebService {
public WS () {
//如果使用设计的组件，请取消注释以下行 //InitializeComponent(); }
[WebMethod] [ScriptMethod(UseHttpGet = true)] public string HelloWorld(String query) { string inputString = Server.HtmlEncode(query); if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(inputString)) { return String.Format("hello, {0}. ", inputString); } else { return "query string is null or empty"; } }
}
二、前台页面：注意要点：需要使用的后台WebService的方法均设置在如下位置
<asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" runat="server"> <Services> <asp:ServiceReference Path="~/WS.asmx" /> <asp:ServiceReference Path="~/WS1.asmx" /> </Services> </asp:ScriptManager>Default页面：
<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="_Default" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head runat="server"> <title>Untitled Page</title>
<script language="javascript" type="text/javascript" src="js.js"> </script>
</head><body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" runat="server"> <Services> <asp:ServiceReference Path="~/WS.asmx" /> <asp:ServiceReference Path="~/WS1.asmx" /> </Services> </asp:ScriptManager> <div> <asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Text="Button" OnClientClick="dd();return false;" /> <div id="time"> </div> <div id="List1"> <asp:DropDownList ID="ddl1" runat="server" Width="187px"> </asp:DropDownList> </div> </div> </form></body></html>
三、JavaScript程序:注意要点：AJAX November CTP 需要用 eval() 方法将其转换成一个DataTable对象(并且要裁掉最前面的"(")，而AJAX December CTP 支持以下方法转换“Sys.Preview.Data.DataTable.parseFromJson(result)”
function dd() { WS.HelloWorld( 'hekui', function(result) { alert(result); } ); WS1.ServerTime( function(result) { alert(result); var divTime = document.getElementById("time"); divTime.innerHTML = result; } ); WS1.GetDataTable( function(result) { // 获取到下拉框控件 var List = document.getElementById("ddl1"); //AJAX November CTP 需要用 eval() 方法将其转换成一个DataTable对象(并且要裁掉最前面的"(") var Text= result.dataArray.substring(0,result.dataArray.length -1); var Table = eval( Text); //AJAX December CTP 支持以下方法转换// var Table = Sys.Preview.Data.DataTable.parseFromJson(result); //清除下拉框原有列表项 for (x=List.options.length-1; x > -1; x--) { List.remove(0); } //从获取的DataTable添加数据到下拉框列表项 for (x=0; x < Table.length; x++ ) { //获取每一行 var Row = Table[x]; //创建一个列表项 var option = document.createElement("option"); //列表项显示文本赋值 option.text = Row.Name + " " + Row.LastName; //列表项选项值赋值 option.value = Row.Email;
//判断浏览器类型，进行项目添加 if ( window.navigator.appName.toLowerCase().indexOf("microsoft") > -1) List.add(option); else List.add(option, null); } } ); }
