JSP+XML的技术纲要
Sun Microsystems ( http://java.sun.com/jsp )作者：Eduardo Pelegri-Llopart (pelegri@eng.sun.com)( Blueski.class编译 ) 本文提纲：* JSP, Servlets & J2EE* JSP & XML* 现状(附：原文）
1 JSP, Servlets & J2EE
1.1 J2EE平台* 具有明确的规范* 经过了各种 兼容性测试* 具有很多的 实施参考 (RI)* 丰富的功能体现在以下方面：– JSP/Servlets– JDBC– EJB– JMS– Connector to EIS (J2EE 1.3) * 具有非常实用的价值1.2 J2EE所在的Web层
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1.3 JSP/Servlets扮演的角色（译者注：我把JSP和Servelet混在一起了，你可参考本文所附的原文）
* application的入口* 和外界交互* 一般都采用HTTP协议* 客户端可能是以下几种类型:- Browser- Applet- Desktop application (Java Web Start)- 无线设备- Server application (B2B)1.4 JSP/Servlets的用途* 可以用于– JSP & Servlet Container– J2EE Container* Common mindshare* Best-of-breed implementation* 已经获得 广泛的支持* 动态内容生成* 具有 简单化的构架* 由container管理* 经常 使用JavaBeans和Tag Lib
1.5 一个例子
<?xml version="1.0"><%@ page contentType=”text/xml” %><%@ taglib prefix="x" uri="..." %><wml><card id="card1" title="Flowers"><p>Flowers available:<br/><x:enumerate inventory="flowers"id="aFlower"><%= aFlower.type %><br/></x:iterate><br/></p></card></wml>1.6 Tag Lib
* 抽象提炼* XML语法* Run-Time协议– 集成到JSP页面中去– 容易组合和定制– 由JSP container管理– 简单的协议，用于简单的需求1.7 各种协同工作的角色
* 站点页面作者– 从数据开发者提供的数据中建立表达presentation– 用户界面方面的专家– 使用Tag Lib和JavaBeans– 使用页面工具* 开发者– 为页面作者提供数据存取– 服务器端组织的专家– 定义Tag Lib和JavaBeans– IDE2 JSP & XML
2.1 XML在JSP技术中的应用
JSP页面可以：– 使用XML– 生成XML– 改变XML* 将JSP页面作为XML文档* XML配置2.2 使用XML
* 将XML解析到对象(由开发者完成)– 硬编码– 使用Adelard技术* 解析和复述抽象* 转变以后插入– XSLT2.3 解析成为对象
<%@ taglib uri="..." prefix="tl" %><html><tl:parse id="saleBooks" type="BookInventory"xml="Book_Inventory_URL"/><head>...<body><table border="0" width="50%"><tl:iterateid ="bk" type="Book"collection="<%= saleBooks.getBooks()%>" ><tr><td><jsp:getProperty name="bk" property="title"/></td></tr></tl:iterate></table></body></html>
2.4 解析和复述
<%@ taglib uri="..." prefix="tl" %><html><head>...<body><table border="0" width="50%"><tl:iterateOnXMLStreamid="bk" type="Book"xml="Book_Inventory_URL"><tr><td><jsp:getProperty name="bk" property="title"/></td></tr></tl:iterateOnXMLStream></table></body></html>
2.5 组合Data
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2.6 转化后插入
<%@taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/taglibs/xsl/1.0"prefix="x" %><html><head>...<body><center> Welcome<x:apply xml="Customer_URL" xsl="store.xsl"/>!<p>On Sale Today ...<p><x:apply xml="Inventory_URL" xsl="store.xsl"/></center></body></html>2.7 制作XML
* 客户端可以是– Gateway网关– 设备(WAP, XHTML)* XML* XML + StyleSheet样式表2.8 VoiceXML 和 WAP Gateway网关
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2.9 生成 XML
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2.10 XSLT on XML
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2.11 JSP和XSLT
* JSP强化了：– Template & Java– Multiple Sources– Open-ended Portable Abstraction* XSLT强化了：– 循环的tree transformation– 有良好定义的输入输出* XPath
2.12 生成内容用于
Multiple Devices* One back end source* 许多客户* 将总的维护费用最小化* 达到预期的性能
2.13 多客户的XSLT样式
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2.14 多客户的短管道 Short Pipelines
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2.15 多客户的组合途径
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2.16 在JSP技术中使用XML
* JSPs Pages将JSP页面作为 XML文档
* Manipulation – Apply XSLT to generate JSP * Authoring – JSP pages from XML objects * Validation – TagLibraryValidator * Standarized in JSP 1.2* XML配置 * Tag Library Descriptor * Servlet configuration – Resources – Mappings – Filters (JSP 1.2) – 其它
3 现状3.1 业界支持容器方面：Apache,Allaire,ATG Dynamo,BEA Weblogic,Bluestone,Caucho,Gemstone,IBM’s WebSphereInprise AppServer,Iplanet iWS, iAS, Oracle,Persistence, Unify一些用户：PeopleSoft，I2，CP ...一些站点：Delta.com, Food.com, CarOrder.com ...工具MacroMedia UltraDev，Adobe GoLive，Unify eWeb Studio，WebGain’s StudioForte for Java，Oracle Jdeveloper，Inprise Jbuilder，ATG Dynamo， ...3.2 新的JSP & Servlets技术
* JSR-053* Servlet 2.3– Filters– Application Events* JSP 1.2– JSP页面的XML方式查询– 许多改进和增强* Apache组织的推行– jakarta.apache.org/tomcat3.3 JSP Tag Library
* JSR-052* 标准的JSP tag library– 丰富的功能– XSLT– XPATH– 其它的XML的进程– Apache组织的推进（ jakarta.apache.org/taglibs）
3.4 框架的支持
* J2EE体系* JSP/Servlet体系– Struts– Apache组织的推进（jakarta.apache.org/struts）3.5 JSP工具支持
* 大多数情况下是为页面作者提供的– 有一些是为TagLib工作者提供* 已经存在于一些工具中– 例如，UltraDev支持Struts* 近6个月的预测– 标准的taglib将出现，还有各种其他的taglib3.6 XML解析和转化
* JAXP 1.1– 下一代 J2SE(JDK)的组成部分– DOM level 2– XSLT– 和TRaX (XSLT激活)进行组合– Apache组织的推进* XSLTC– XSLT编译器– 更快，更小的脚本3.7 数据绑定
Beans Long Term Persistance* Adelard– 下一代J2SE的组成部分– 数据绑定* JavaBeans Long Term Persistance– 下一代 J2SE的组成部分– 图形化Swing机制3.8 XML Messaging
* XML messaging– JMS– ebXML– JAXM– Message Beans (J2EE 1.3)
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为防误译，特附原来文档，这是sun站点的官方pdf文档，有685K，我特地从中裁剪出来的。:)
JSP Technology and XML技术纲要Eduardo Pelegri-LlopartSun Microsystemspelegri@eng.sun.comhttp://java.sun.com/jsp提纲* JSP, Servlets & J2EE* JSP and XML* Status1 JSP, Servlets & J2EE1。1 J2EE Platform* Specification* Compatibility Tests* Reference Implementation (RI)* Rich Functionality– JSP and Servlets– JDBC– EJB– JMS– Connector to EIS (J2EE 1.3)1。2 J2EE Benefits* Common Mindshare– Documentation– Training– Tool Support* Portability* Best-of-Breed Implementations1。3 Web Layer of J2EE（插图1)1.4 Role of JSP and Servlets* Entry point to application* Interacts with the exterior* Usually through HTTP* Client may be:* Browser* Applet* Desktop application (Java Web Start)* Wireless Device* Server application (B2B)1.5 JSP and Servlets* Can be used in– JSP & Servlet Container– J2EE Container* Common mindshare* Best-of-breed implementation* Wide support1.6 What Is a Servlet?* Extension mechanism* Dynamic content generation* Mapped to URLs* Simple architecture* Managed by container1.7 JSP Page* A textual document* Describes a request – response map* Servlet Semantics1.8 一个例子<?xml version="1.0"><%@ page contentType=”text/xml” %><%@ taglib prefix="x" uri="..." %><wml><card id="card1" title="Flowers"><p>Flowers available:<br/><x:enumerate inventory="flowers"id="aFlower"><%= aFlower.type %><br/></x:iterate><br/></p></card></wml>1.9 JSP Page* A textual document* Builds on– Template data– Dynamic content* Tool friendly* Abstraction using– JavaBeans– Tag Libraries1.10 Tag Libraries* Abstraction Mechanism* XML syntax* Run-Time Protocol– Integration into a JSP page– Easy to compose and customize– Managed by JSP container– Simple protocol for simple needs1.11 Roles Involved* Page and Site Author– Creates presentation from developer data– Expert in UI– Uses Tag Libraries & JavaBeans– Page Authoring tools* Developer– Provides access to data for page author– Expert in server-side organization– Defines Tag Libraries & JavaBeans– IDEs2 JSP & XML2.1 Uses of XML in JSP TechnologyJSPs Pages– Consuming XML– Generating XML– Transforming XML* JSP Pages as XML documents* XML configuration2.2 Consuming XML* Parse XML into objects (by developer)– Hand-coded– Using Adelard Technology* Parse and Iterate abstraction* Insert after transformation– XSLT2.3 Parse Into Object<%@ taglib uri="..." prefix="tl" %><html><tl:parse id="saleBooks" type="BookInventory"xml="Book_Inventory_URL"/><head>...<body><table border="0" width="50%"><tl:iterateid ="bk" type="Book"collection="<%= saleBooks.getBooks()%>" ><tr><td><jsp:getProperty name="bk" property="title"/></td></tr></tl:iterate></table></body></html>2.4 Parse and Iterate<%@ taglib uri="..." prefix="tl" %><html><head>...<body><table border="0" width="50%"><tl:iterateOnXMLStreamid="bk" type="Book"xml="Book_Inventory_URL"><tr><td><jsp:getProperty name="bk" property="title"/></td></tr></tl:iterateOnXMLStream></table></body></html>2.5 Combining Data(插图2)2.6 Insert After Transformation<%@taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/taglibs/xsl/1.0"prefix="x" %><html><head>...<body><center> Welcome<x:apply xml="Customer_URL" xsl="store.xsl"/>!<p>On Sale Today ...<p><x:apply xml="Inventory_URL" xsl="store.xsl"/></center></body></html>2.7 Producing XML* Client may be– Gateway– Device (WAP, XHTML)* XML* XML + StyleSheet2.8 VoiceXML and WAP Gateways(插图3)
2.9 Generating XMLJ1 @ java.sun.com(插图4)2.10 XSLT on XML(插图5)2.11 JSP and XSLT* JSP strengths– Template & Java– Multiple Sources– Open-ended Portable Abstraction* XSLT strengths– Recursive tree transformation– Well defined input/output* XPath2.12 Generating Content forMultiple Devices* One back end source* Many clients* Minimize Total Maintenance Cost* Desired Generation Performance2.13 Multiple ClientsXSLT Stylesheet(插图6)2。14 Multiple ClientsShort Pipelines(插图7)2.15 Multiple ClientsCombined Approach(插图8)2.16 Uses of XML in JSP Technology* JSPs PagesJSP Pages as XML documents* XML configuration2.17 JSP Pages as XML Documents* Manipulation– Apply XSLT to generate JSP* Authoring– JSP pages from XML objects* Validation– TagLibraryValidator* Standarized in JSP 1.22.18 XML Configuration* Tag Library Descriptor* Servlet configuration– Resources– Mappings– Filters (JSP 1.2)– others3 现状3。1 Industry SupportContainersApacheAllaireATG DynamoBEA WeblogicBluestoneCauchoGemstoneIBM’ s WebSphereInprise AppServerIplanet iWS, iASOraclePersistenceUnifySome Users* PeopleSoft* I2* CP* ...Some Sites* Delta.com* Food.com* CarOrder.com* ...Tools* MacroMediaUltraDev* Adobe GoLive* Unify eWeb Studio* WebGain’ s Studio* Forte for Java* Oracle Jdeveloper* Inprise Jbuilder* ATG Dynamo* ...3。2 New JSP & Servlets* JSR-053* Servlet 2.3– Filters– Application Events* JSP 1.2– XML view of JSP page– Many improvements & refinements* Implementation @ ASF– jakarta.apache.org/tomcat3。3 JSP Tag Library* JSR-052* Standard JSP tag library– Rich functionality– XSLT– XPATH– Other XML processing* Implementation @ ASF– jakarta.apache.org/taglibs3。4 Framework efforts* J2EE Framework– Blueprints* JSP / Servlet Framework– Struts– Implementation @ ASF– jakarta.apache.org/struts3。5 JSP Tool Support* Mostly for Page Authoring– Some for TagLib Authoring* Already in several tools– e.g. UltraDev support in Struts* Focus next 6 months– Standard taglib– Any taglib3。6 XML Parsing & Transformation* JAXP 1.1– Part of next J2SE (JDK)– DOM level 2– XSLT– Combined with TRaX (XSLT activation)– Implementation @ ASF* XSLTC– XSLT compiler– Fast, Small footprint3。7 Data BindingBeans Long Term Persistance* Adelard– Part of next J2SE– Data Binding* JavaBeans Long Term Persistance– Part of next J2SE– Generic Swing Machinery3。8 XML Messaging* XML messaging– JMS– ebXML– JAXM– Message Beans (J2EE 1.3)**************************************************Review* JSP, Servlets & J2EE* JSP– Consuming XML– Transforming XML– Producing XML– Relationship with XSLT* Status of several JSP/XML efforts
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