Tomcat 服务器server.xml的关键参数配置

技术2022-05-11 39

Tomcat 服务器server.xml的关键参数配置说明：以下文字均以tomcat5.0.30为例进行。1，配置tomcat服务器访问端口，只需配置Connector的port端口即可。Tomcat默认为8080，现修改port参数值为80。<Connector port="80"maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75"enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" acceptCount="100"debug="0" connectionTimeout="20000" disableUploadTimeout="true" URIEncoding="GBK"/>2，配置tomcat支持URL中文参数，只需添加Connector的URIEncoding参数即可，默认情况下该参数未被配置。要支持URL参数支持中文，加上URIEncoding="GBK"就行了（见1中附代码最后一行）。3，配置新的webApp：找到host尾标记</Host>，插入新的context即可。如：（1）<Context path="" docBase="ROOT" debug="0"/>若要支持数据库（以SQL Server为例），则为：（2）<Context path="/xkb" docBase="F:/XKB6/webApp" debug="5" reloadable="true" crossContext="true"><Logger className="org.apache.catalina.logger.FileLogger" prefix="localhost_DBTest_log." suffix=".txt" timestamp="true"/><Resource name="jdbc/SqlServerDB" auth="Container" type="javax.sql.DataSource"/><ResourceParams name="jdbc/SqlServerDB"><parameter><name>factory</name><value>org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSourceFactory</value></parameter><parameter><name>maxActive</name><value>50</value></parameter><parameter><name>maxIdle</name><value>20</value></parameter><parameter><name>maxWait</name><value>500</value></parameter><parameter><name>username</name><value>sa</value></parameter><parameter><name>password</name><value>wangnewton</value></parameter><parameter><name>driverClassName</name><value>com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLServerDriver</value></parameter><parameter><name>url</name><value>jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://localhost:1433;databaseName=XKBCourse</value></parameter></ResourceParams></Context> tomcat5.5.x 配置记录。1.下载：http://www.eu.apache.org/dist/jakarta/tomcat-5/http://www.apache.org/dist/jakarta/tomcat-5/v5.5.x/bin/jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x-admin.ziphttp://www.apache.org/dist/jakarta/tomcat-5/v5.5.x/bin/jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x-compat.ziphttp://www.apache.org/dist/jakarta/tomcat-5/v5.5.x/bin/jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x.ziphttp://www.apache.org/dist/jakarta/tomcat-5/v5.5.x/bin/jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x-deployer.zip把jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x.zip和jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x-compat.zip和jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x-admin.zip(Tomcat 默认是没有内置admin模块了Tomcat's administration web application is no longer installed by default. Download and install the "admin" package to use it. )都解压到同一个目录下面。比如：D:/jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x/(如果使用jdk1.4，才需要compat.zip用jdk1.5就可以免了这个。) 2.修改jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x/conf/tomcat-users.xml.添加管理员账号lizongbo，密码为lizongbopass.新xml如下：<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?><tomcat-users><role rolename="tomcat"/><role rolename="role1"/><role rolename="manager"/><role rolename="admin"/><user username="tomcat" password="tomcat" roles="tomcat"/><user username="role1" password="tomcat" roles="role1"/><user username="both" password="tomcat" roles="tomcat,role1"/><user username="lizongbo" password="lizongbopass" roles="admin,manager"/></tomcat-users>3.修改jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x/conf/server.xml来解决编码问题。(给Connector 添加URIEncoding参数，参考http://blog.csdn.net/darkxie/archive/2004/10/25/TOMCATAPP.aspx)(可以设置成GB18030)<Connector port="8080"maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75"enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" acceptCount="200"connectionTimeout="20000" disableUploadTimeout="true" URIEncoding="GBK"compression="on" compressionMinSize="2048" noCompressionUserAgents="gozilla, traviata" compressableMimeType="text/html,text/xml"/><Connector port="8009" enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" protocol="AJP/1.3" URIEncoding="GBK"/>4.启用支持gzip压缩.(http://www.linuxaid.com.cn/forum/showdoc.jsp?l=1&i=81169)添加下列属性compression="on" compressionMinSize="2048" noCompressionUserAgents="gozilla, traviata" compressableMimeType="text/html,text/xml"5.设置虚拟主机。在jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x/下建立文件夹vhost/www.mydomain.com。然后修改jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x/conf/server.xml<Engine defaultHost="localhost" name="Catalina"><Host appBase="vhost/www.mydomain.com" name="www.mydomain.com"></Host><Host appBase="webapps" name="localhost"></Host><Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"/></Engine>6.添加数据库驱动,更新mail.jar和actiovation.jar复制mysql-connector-java-3.0.16-ga-bin.jar,pg74.215.jdbc3.jar到 jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x/common/lib/还有javamail 1.3.2的mail.jar，jaf-1_0_2的 activation.jarmsSQl 2000 JDBC sp3，msbase.jar,msutil,jar,mssqlserver.jar7.配置SSL参考 http://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-5.5-doc/ssl-howto.htmlD:/j2sdk1.4.2_06/bin>%JAVA_HOME%/bin/keytool -genkey -alias tomcat -keyalg RSA输入keystore密码： lizongbossl您的名字与姓氏是什么？[tomcat5.5.x]： tomcat5.5.x您的组织单位名称是什么？[jakarta]： jakarta您的组织名称是什么？[apache]： apache您所在的城市或区域名称是什么？[hzcity]： hzcity您所在的州或省份名称是什么？[gdp]： gdp该单位的两字母国家代码是什么[CN]： CNCN=tomcat5.5.x, OU=jakarta, O=apache, L=hzcity, ST=gdp, C=CN 正确吗？[否]： y输入<tomcat>的主密码（如果和 keystore 密码相同，按回车）：(必须密码一致，因此直接回车)然后再把userhome(例如：C:/Documents and Settings/lizongbo/)下的.keystore复制到tomcat的conf/目录下。(例如：D:/jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x/conf/.keystore )配置jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x/conf/server.xml加上<Connector port="8443" maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75"enableLookups="false" disableUploadTimeout="true"acceptCount="100" scheme="https" secure="true"clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" keystoreFile="conf/.keystore" keystorePass="lizongbossl"> </Connector>8.禁止文件目录列表，修改jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x/conf/web.xml，把listing设置为false<servlet><servlet-name>default</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.apache.catalina.servlets.DefaultServlet</servlet-class><init-param><param-name>debug</param-name><param-value>0</param-value></init-param><init-param><param-name>listings</param-name><param-value>true</param-value></init-param><load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup></servlet>9.指定了自己的javaEncoding(参考 http://gceclub.sun.com.cn/staticcontent/html/sunone/app7/app7-dg-webapp/ch6/ch6-4.html )<servlet><servlet-name>jsp</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet</servlet-class><init-param><param-name>fork</param-name><param-value>false</param-value></init-param><init-param><param-name>javaEncoding</param-name><param-value>GB18030</param-value></init-param><init-param><param-name>xpoweredBy</param-name><param-value>true</param-value></init-param><load-on-startup>3</load-on-startup></servlet>10.添加rar,iso等的mime-type映射避免在浏览器里直接打开。<mime-mapping><extension>mht</extension><mime-type>text/x-mht</mime-type></mime-mapping><mime-mapping><extension>rar</extension><mime-type>application/octet-stream</mime-type></mime-mapping><mime-mapping><extension>iso</extension><mime-type>application/octet-stream</mime-type></mime-mapping><mime-mapping><extension>ape</extension><mime-type>application/octet-stream</mime-type></mime-mapping><mime-mapping><extension>rmvb</extension><mime-type>application/octet-stream</mime-type></mime-mapping><mime-mapping><extension>ico</extension><mime-type>image/x-icon</mime-type></mime-mapping>10.1对html静态页面设置编码 <mime-mapping><extension>htm</extension> <mime-type>text/html;charset=gb2312</mime-type> </mime-mapping><mime-mapping><extension>html</extension> <mime-type>text/html;charset=gb2312</mime-type> </mime-mapping></web-app>11.添加welcome-file-list，并调整顺序。<welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file><welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file><welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file><welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file><welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file><welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file></welcome-file-list> Tomcat中文编码问题解决方案(简) liyonghai 04/08/30 编码问题的根源可参考http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/java/java_chinese/index.shtmlTomcat 4.x解决方法: 获取中文:request.setCharacterEncoding("gb2312"); 输出中文:<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=gb2312" %>,必要时需要转码 Tomcat 5.x解决方法: 获取中文: 提交表单时 1)post:request.setCharacterEncoding("gb2312"); 2)get:修改server.xml,在Connector中加入URIEncoding="gb2312" 如: <Connector port="80" maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75" enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" acceptCount="100" debug="0" connectionTimeout="20000" disableUploadTimeout="true" URIEncoding="gb2312" /> 或者使用useBodyEncodingForURI,使tomcat 5.x兼容tomcat 4.x 输出中文:<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=gb2312" %>,必要时需要转码附:Tomcat 5.x与Tomcat 4.x在解析提交表单时发生了变化,Tomcat 4.x无论是post还是get,都使用相同的编码,而Tomcat 5.x 却把get方法单独了出来.具体可查看tomcat的source code. get方式的处理比较好，对于post方式建议用配置过滤器的方式来解决，因为这样,配置一个地方整个系统都不用操心了。简单说明： web.xml <filter> <filter-name>Set Character Encoding</filter-name> <filter-class>SetCharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>Set Character Encoding</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> /************************/ SetCharacterEncodingFilter.java -------------------------------------------- import java.io.IOException; import javax.servlet.Filter; import javax.servlet.FilterChain; import javax.servlet.FilterConfig; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.ServletRequest; import javax.servlet.ServletResponse; import javax.servlet.UnavailableException; /** * Example filter that sets the character encoding to be used in parsing the * incoming request */ public class SetCharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter { /** * Take this filter out of service. */ public void destroy() { } /** * select and set (if specified) the character encoding to be used to * interpret request parameters for this request. */ public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain)throws IOException, ServletException { request.setCharacterEncoding("GBK"); // 传递控制到下一个过滤器 chain.doFilter(request, response); } public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException { } } 也可以把编码做为参数传递进去。 12.如果你的webapp需要只能够进行https方式访问，那么在webapp的web.xml里加上：<security-constraint><web-resource-collection><web-resource-name>must https</web-resource-name><url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></web-resource-collection><user-data-constraint><transport-guarantee>CONFIDENTIAL</transport-guarantee></user-data-constraint></security-constraint>参考：http://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/faq/security.html#httpshttp://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=tomcat-user&m=104951559722619&w=213.修改远程关闭服务器的命令。server.xml默认有下面一行：<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">这样允许任何人只要telnet到服务器的8005端口，输入"SHUTDOWN"，然后回车，服务器立即就被关掉了。从安全的角度上考虑，我们需要把这个shutdown指令改成一个别人不容易猜测的字符串。例如修改如下：<Server port="8006" shutdown="lizongbo">，这样就只有在telnet到8005，并且输入"lizongbo"才能够关闭Tomcat.注意：这个修改不影响shutdown.bat的执行。运行shutdown.bat一样可以关闭服务器。参考：http://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/faq/security.html#8005以下皆可以参考：http://www.cnjsp.org/document/user/tuman/valve.html14.配置http访问日志。Tomcat自带的能够记录的http访问日志已经很详细了取消下面这段的注释：<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve"directory="logs" prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"pattern="common" resolveHosts="false"/>然后修改为：<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.FastCommonAccessLogValve"directory="logs" prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"pattern="combined" resolveHosts="false" fileDateFormat="yyyy-MM-dd.HH"/>pattern="combined" 记录的日志内容更详细，fileDateFormat="yyyy-MM-dd.HH"，会让日志文件按小时进行滚卷，比默认的按天滚卷要好些，尤其是访问量大的网站，可以考虑写成fileDateFormat="yyyy-MM-dd.HH.mm"，就会是每分钟一个日志文件了。而且可以分别按Engine, Host, or Context,来记录自己的日志详情参考：http://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-5.5-doc/config/valve.htmlhttp://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-5.0-doc/config/logger.htmlhttp://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-5.0-doc/config/host.html#Access Logs而且还可以配合awstats来进行日志统计分析： http://www.chedong.com/tech/awstats.html http://blog.csdn.net/lizongbo/archive/2005/02/18/291929.aspx15.限制ip，限制主机访问等。如果想禁止指定的ip或者主机名来拒绝某些机器访问，或者指定某些机器来访问。也支持分别按Engine, Host, or Context,进行以下配置：<Context path="/examples" ...> ...<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteHostValve"allow="*.mycompany.com,www.yourcompany.com"/><Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve"deny="192.168.1.*"/></Context>参考：http://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-5.0-doc/config/context.html16.发布webapp到网站根目录1。直接复制到ROOT目录下。2.因为无法创建无名字的xml文件，并且在xml文件里指定path也是无效的(tomcat靠文件名字来判断的)，因此必须在server.xml里写下面一段：<Context docBase="${catalina.home}/vhost/www.lizongbo.com" path="/"privileged="true" antiResourceLocking="false" antiJARLocking="false"><Manager className="org.apache.catalina.session.StandardManager" algorithm="SHA-512" sessionIdLength="40"><Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.FastCommonAccessLogValve"directory="logs" prefix="localhost_mytest_access_log." suffix=".txt"pattern="combined" resolveHosts="true" fileDateFormat="yyyy-MM-dd.HH"/> </Context>而且必须把ROOT目录删除掉，否则Tomcat还是优先部署ROOT目录为"/"。17.在重新启动Tomcat的webapp的时候，禁止把session写入文件。修改conf/web.xml取消注释：<Manager pathname="" />18.增强SessiionID的生成算法和长度。<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.session.StandardManager" algorithm="SHA-512" sessionIdLength="40"></Manager>（Tomcat默认算法是MD5,默认长度是16位。） //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

http://blog.csdn.net/dakuen/ 1.下载 http://www.eu.apache.org/dist/jakarta/tomcat-5/ 这里注意，在jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28.exe以前是有默认的admin模块，在jakarta-tomcat-5.5.9.exe则没有安装默认的admin模块，这时 http://127.0.0.1:8080/admin打开时则会出现 Tomcat's administration web application is no longer installed by default. Download and install the "admin" package to use it. 因此我们现在需要下载"admin"package 包把jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x.zip 与 jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x-compat.zip 与 jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x-admin.zip 三个文件解压在同一个目录中 (如果使用jdk1.4，才需要compat.zip用jdk1.5就可以免了这个。) 2.修改jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x/conf/tomcat-users.xml. 添加管理员账号lizongbo，密码为lizongbopass. 新xml如下： <?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?> <tomcat-users> <role rolename="tomcat"/> <role rolename="role1"/> <role rolename="manager"/> <role rolename="admin"/> <user username="tomcat" password="tomcat" roles="tomcat"/> <user username="role1" password="tomcat" roles="role1"/> <user username="both" password="tomcat" roles="tomcat,role1"/> <user username="lizongbo" password="lizongbopass" roles="admin,manager"/> </tomcat-users> 有时在

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